\(1.a)QToxh:S^{+4}\rightarrow S^{+6}+2e|\times3\\ QTkhử:N^{+5}+3e\rightarrow N^{+2}|\times2\\ 3SO_2+2HNO_3+2H_2O\rightarrow2NO+3H_2SO_4\\ b)QToxh:\overset{0}{Fe}\rightarrow Fe^{3+}+3e|\times1\\ QTkhử:N^{+5}+1e\rightarrow N^{+4}|\times3\\ Fe+6HNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+3NO_2+3H_2O\)

Câu 2:

\(n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{25,5}{170}=0,15(mol)\\ PTHH:NaCl+AgNO_3\to AgCl\downarrow +NaNO_3\\ \Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,15.58,5=8,775(g)\)

Câu 3:

\(a,\)Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Mg}=x(mol)\\ n_{Zn}=y(mol) \end{cases} \Rightarrow 24x+65y=15,75(1)\)

\(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 95x+136y=44,15(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,25(mol)\\ y=0,15(mol) \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,25.24}{15,75}.100\%=38,1\%\\ \%_{Zn}=100\%=38,1\%=61,9\% \end{cases} \)

\(b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{Zn}=0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{36,5.0,8}{10\%}=292(g)\)

Câu1.a)

1/Chất khử: NH₃

Chất oxh : N₂

2/Chất khử: Fe

Chất oxh : HNO₃

b) 1/ \(QToxh:2N^{-3}\rightarrow\overset{0}{N_2}+6e|\times2\\ QTkhử:\overset{0}{O_2}+4e\rightarrow2O^{2-}|\times3\\ \Rightarrow4NH_3+3O_2\rightarrow2N_2+6H_2O\)

2/ \(QToxh:\overset{0}{Fe}\rightarrow Fe^{+3}+3e|\times1\\ QTkhử:N^{+5}+1e\rightarrow N^{+4}|\times3\\ \Rightarrow Fe+6HNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+3NO_2+3H_2O\)

Câu 3. \(Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2\\ n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,6\left(mol\right)\\56x+24y=20,8\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,4.95=38\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

1. Chất khử: Al

Chất oxi hóa: HNO₃      

\(Al\rightarrow Al^{3+}+3e|\times8\\ N^{+5}+8e\rightarrow N^{-3}|\times3\)

8Al  + 30HNO₃   → 8Al(NO₃)₃ + 3NH₄NO₃ + 9H₂O.

2. Chất khử: Mg

Chất oxi hóa: HNO₃      

\(Mg\rightarrow Mg^{2+}+2e|\times3\\ N^{+5}+3e\rightarrow N^{+2}|\times2\)

3Mg + 8HNO₃   → 3Mg(NO₃)₂ + 2NO + 4H₂O.

3. Chất khử: Mg

Chất oxi hóa: H₂SO₄

\(Mg\rightarrow Mg^{2+}+2e|\times8\\ S^{+6}+8e\rightarrow S^{-2}|\times2\)

8Mg +  10H₂SO₄   → 8MgSO₄ + 2H₂S + 8H₂O.

4.Chất khử: Fe

Chất oxi hóa: H₂SO₄ 

\(2Fe\rightarrow Fe^{3+}_2+6e|\times1\\ S^{+6}+2e\rightarrow S^{+4}|\times3\)

2Fe  +  6H₂SO₄   →  Fe₂ (SO₄)₃ + 3SO₂ + 6H₂O.

1, 4Mg + 10HNO3 loãng------>  4Mg(NO3)2 + N2O + 5H2O 

2, 10Al + 36HNO3 loãng------> 10Al(NO3)3 + 3N2 + 18H2O

3, 4Mg+ 10HNO3 loãng--------> 4Mg(NO3)2+ NH4NO3 + 3H2O

4, 3Fe3O4+ 28HNO3 loãng--------> .9Fe(NO3)3 +NO  + 14H2O

5, 8FeS + 8 H2SO4 đặc------> 3Fe2(S04)3 + SO2+8H2

6, FeS2 + 18HNO3 đặc -------> Fe(NO3)3+ 15NO2 + 2H2SO4 + 7H2O

1, 4Mg+10HNO3 ----->4Mg(NO3)2+N2O+5H20

Quá trình khử:    2NO³⁻ + 10H⁺ + 8e− = N2O + 5H

Quá trình oxy hoá  Mg − 2e− = Mg²⁺