Error Identification.

In science (A), the results of an experiment are (B) not generally accepted until they had (C) been duplicated (D) in other laboratories.

A. In science

B. are

C. had

D. duplicated

1. She can’t recognize her children because they ………………….  a lot.           (change)

2. When he ...................... to the stadium, the football match had already begun.  (come)

3. The kids ……………..in the garden when it suddenly began to rain                  (play)

4. She thinks to give good advice she …………… to empathize with people.      ( not need )

Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it

1. Mary said : "I'll phone you"

➜ Mary told ......................

2. Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job

➜ In spite of .....................

3. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough money

➜ If ................

4. Horror films terrify my little sister

➜ My little sister ...............

5. How much does that coat cost ?

➜ What ...................

6. Cinema didn't become an industry until 1915

➜ It was not until ..............

7. Denise didn't know the truth until we had told her

➜ It was not until .................

8. They didn't pay the bill until the electricity was cut off

➜ It was not until ............

9. They didn't buy the house until the bank had lent them the money

➜ It was not .............

10. I didn't sleep until midnight

➜ It was not until ..............

I. Rewrite each of the following sentences in another way so that it means almost the same as the sentence printed before it:

1. Because the weather was cold, they had to cancel their picnic. (using “so”)

The weather

2. This book is interesting enough for me to read many times. (using “so”)

This book

3. This car is too old for me to buy. (using “so”)

This car

4. The test was so long that I couldn’t finish it in an hour. (using “so”)

The test

5. The play interests him much.

He finds the play

The play is

He is much

The play makes

6. The test was not easy enough for her to do.

The test was so

It was such

It was so

The test was too

7. They bought the car because it was modern.

The car was

The car was so

It was such

It was so

8. It was not until midnight that we went to bed.

We didn’t

9. Spending the weekend in the countryside is very exciting.

It’s

10. The journey to the village was very interesting to the boys.

The boy felt

11. I’m sorry I’m not able to go with you.

I wish

12. He bought such a lot of books that he couldn’t read them all.

He bought so

13. There is so much rain that we can’t go out.

There is such

14. Don’t shout all the time.

I wish you

15. Mr. Ha has never gone abroad before.

Mr. Ha wishes

16. His parents made him study for the exams.

He

17. “You shouldn’t give up your job,” Jane told Anne.

Jane advised

18. It takes me hours to get to work every day.

I

19. They have studied English for 3 years now.

They started

It’s

20. This is the first time I have eaten this kind of food.

I have never

21. I didn’t want to be late, so I left early.

Because

22. He hasn't gone back to his village since 1989.

He last                                                                                                                 

23. I'm sorry I often talk too much in class.

I wish                                                                                                                   

24. We are painting our house at the moment.

Our house                                                                                                               

25. My brother went to bed late, so he got up late next morning.

My brother got up

26. When did you start learning English?

How long is                                                                                                            

27. I can’t speak English fluently.

I wish                                                                                                                    

28. The children have done the homework since 2 o’clock.

The homework                                                                                              

29. He is not old enough to drive cars.

He is too

30. My mother doesn’t usually get up early.

My mother isn’t used

Joe and his fellow mountaineers knew that if they encountered any (1) ….. ............(SEE) hazards it was unlikely that anyone could assist them. The mountain was on an (2) .........…..(INHABIT) island and they were the only people there. Help was a long boat journey away. The mountain had an (3) ….. ......(FAME) reputation and many previous expeditions had been unsuccessful. They had already tried two routes to the summit and found them (5) ….. .... (PASS) Now they were trying the third. Joe had a note, in almost (6) ….......(LEGIBLE) handwriting, from the leader of a previous expedition advising him to try it. The information in the note had proved (7) ….......(VALUE) and they had made good progress at first. For the last two days, however, bad weather had confined them to their tent. It would be (8) …..........(RESPONSE) to climb in such conditions. The climbers had found their equipment reliable but were (9) …......... (SATISFY) with their tent, which leaked badly. They had not (10) …..........(TREAT) it in any way but it was not fit for purpose. Joe suspected the tent material was inflammable because their cooker almost set it on fire. Eventually, the weather improved and the climbers set off once more, (12) …...............(DAUNT) by the challenges ahead of them.

It was not until ......that

1. I couldn't finish my project until Mark helped me

-> It was not until ..............

2. They didn't pay the bill until the electricity was cut off

-> It was not until ..............

3. I didn't sleep until midnight

-> It was not until ..............

4. I couldn't comment further until I had all the information

-> It was not until ..............

5. He didn't return to his native village until the was ended

-> It was not until ..............

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

Genetic modification of foods is not a new practice. It has been practiced for thousands of years under the name of "selective breeding". Animals and plants were chosen because they had traits that humans found useful. Some animals were larger and stronger than others, or they yielded more food, or they had some other trait that humans valued. Therefore, they were bred because of those traits. Individuals with those traits were brought together and allowed to breed in the hope that their offspring would have the same traits in greater measure.

Much the same thing was done with plants. To produce bigger or sweeter fruit, or grow more grain per unit of land, strains of plants were combined and recombined to produce hybrids, or crossbreeds that had the desired traits in the right combinations. All the while, however, biologists wondered: is there a more direct and versatile way to change the traits of plants and animals? Could we rewrite, so to speak, the heredity of organisms to make them serve our needs better?

In the 20th century, genetic modification made such changes possible at last. Now, it was possible to alter the genetic code without using the slow and uncertain process of selective breeding. It even became possible to blend plants and animals genetically: to insert animal genes into plants, for example, in order to give the plants a certain trait they ordinarily would lack, such as resistance to freezing. The result was a tremendous potential to change the very nature of biology

Which of the following IS NOT achieved by genetic modification? 

A. Giving plants necessary traits taken from animals’ genes 

B. Producing hybrids or crossbreeds from many animals and plants 

C. Encouraging people to give up selective breeding completely 

D. Making big changes to the very nature of biology 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

Genetic modification of foods is not a new practice. It has been practiced for thousands of years under the name of "selective breeding". Animals and plants were chosen because they had traits that humans found useful. Some animals were larger and stronger than others, or they yielded more food, or they had some other trait that humans valued. Therefore, they were bred because of those traits. Individuals with those traits were brought together and allowed to breed in the hope that their offspring would have the same traits in greater measure.

Much the same thing was done with plants. To produce bigger or sweeter fruit, or grow more grain per unit of land, strains of plants were combined and recombined to produce hybrids, or crossbreeds that had the desired traits in the right combinations. All the while, however, biologists wondered: is there a more direct and versatile way to change the traits of plants and animals? Could we rewrite, so to speak, the heredity of organisms to make them serve our needs better?

In the 20th century, genetic modification made such changes possible at last. Now, it was possible to alter the genetic code without using the slow and uncertain process of selective breeding. It even became possible to blend plants and animals genetically: to insert animal genes into plants, for example, in order to give the plants a certain trait they ordinarily would lack, such as resistance to freezing. The result was a tremendous potential to change the very nature of biology.

Which of the following IS NOT achieved by genetic modification?

A. Giving plants necessary traits taken from animals’ genes

B. Producing hybrids or crossbreeds from many animals and plants

C. Encouraging people to give up selective breeding completely

D. Making big changes to the very nature of biology

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.

Marriage nowadays is a choice people make on their own, but this has not always been the case in society. Thousands of years ago, the average lifespan was shorter than it is today. A man usually lived until he was about 40 years old, while women died even sooner because of childbirth. There were many wars and illnesses, and people had to protect themselves by having more children while they were still young. The parents lived through their children.

Marriage was not so much a romantic love story but a business transaction, or deal. Most marriages were arranged between parents while their children were still very young. It was the custom that the fathers made the decision on whom their children were going to marry. The mothers had little say in it since they rarely made any decisions outside the household. The fathers would meet to arrange the wedding date and the money given for the bride on her wedding date. The more money and land a girl had, the more chances she had to marry well. Therefore, it was important that her father choose the bridegroom very well. Usually, it was someone who came from a good family or who was rich too. It was very unlikely that people married outside their social class. A few well-off and rich merchants got to marry poorer noblewomen and became King’s business advisors. In a way, poor peasants had an easier choice as it was less important whom they married.

The practice of arranged marriage is still common in some countries in the Middle East, such as India or Pakistan. Here, social classes are still strongly divided and very well-kept. Often, however, arranged marriages are a sign that people do not want to let go of the past, which gives them comfort and security in an ever-changing world.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Marriage as a business transaction today.

B. Mothers' roles in their children's marriage. 

C. Marriage practices in modem society.

D. The practice of arranged marriage.