nNa = 6.9 : 23 = 0.3 mol

           4Na + O2 ->2 Na2O

mol :  0.3 ->           0.15

          Na2O + H2O -> 2NaOH

mol : 0.15 ->                0.3

mdd = 0.15 x 62 + 140.7 = 150g

C% NaOH = 0.3x40: 150 x 100% = 8%

Chọn đáp án A.

\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{160.10\%}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{150.8\%}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuSO₄ + 2NaOH --> Cu(OH)₂ + Na₂SO₄

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\) => CuSO₄ hết, NaOH dư

PTHH: CuSO₄ + 2NaOH --> Cu(OH)₂ + Na₂SO₄

                0,1------>0,2------->0,1------->0,1

=> m = 0,1.98 = 9,8 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH_{dư}}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).40=4\left(g\right)\\m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

m_{dd sau pư} = 160 + 150 - 9,8 = 300,2 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaOH_{dư}}=\dfrac{4}{300,2}.100\%=1,33\%\\C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,2}{300,2}.100\%=4,73\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{160.10}{100}=16\left(g\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8.150}{100}=12\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: 2NaOH + CuSO₄ ---> Cu(OH)₂ + Na₂SO₄

LTL: \(0,1< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\rightarrow\) NaOH dư

Theo pt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CuSO_4}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow m=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd}=160+150-9,8=300,2\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,2\right).40}{300,2}=1,33\%\\C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.142}{300,2}=4,73\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

mNaOH=11(g) -> nNaOH= 0,275(mol)

mH3PO4=9,8(g) -> nH3PO4=0,1(mol)

Ta có: 2< nNaOH/nH3PO4 = 0,275/0,1=2,75< 3 

=> P.ứ kết thúc thu được hỗn hợp dd Na3PO4 và Na2HPO4

PTHH: 3 NaOH + H3PO4 -> Na3PO4 + 3 H2O

3x_____________x________x(mol)

2 NaOH + H3PO4 -> Na2HPO4 +2 H2O

2y_____y__________y(mol)

mddX=55+24,5=79,5(g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+2y=0,275\\x+y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,075\\y=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mNa3PO4=0,075.164=12,3(g)

mNa2HPO4=142.0,025=3,55(g)

=>C%ddNa3PO4=(12,3/79,5).100=15,472%

C%ddNa2HPO4=(3,55/79,5).100=4,465%

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{55\cdot20\%}{40}=0,275\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_3PO_4}=\dfrac{24,5\cdot40\%}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo HPO₄^2- và PO₄^3-

PTHH: \(2NaOH+H_3PO_4\rightarrow Na_2HPO_4+2H_2O\)

                     2a_______a___________a_______2a   (mol)

           \(3NaOH+H_3PO_4\rightarrow Na_3PO_4+3H_2O\)

                     3b_______b_________b______3b    (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+3b=0,275\\a+b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,025\\b=0,075\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Na_2HPO_4}=\dfrac{0,025\cdot142}{55+24,5}\cdot100\%\approx4,47\%\\C\%_{Na_3PO_4}=\dfrac{0,075\cdot164}{55+24,5}\cdot100\%\approx15,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.10\%}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Xét \(\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\) => Tạo muối NaHCO₃

PTHH: NaOH + CO₂ --> NaHCO₃

              0,5--------------->0,5

m_{dd sau pư} = 0,5.44 + 200 = 222 (g)

m_NaHCO3 = 0,5.84 = 42 (g)

\(C\%=\dfrac{42}{222}.100\%=18,919\%\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố M: n_MSO4 = 0,25mol

Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cu: n_{CuSO4 dư} = 0,1 mol

=> M = 24 (Mg)

b.

Chọn C

Chọn đáp án B.