$n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
\(4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

0,2         0,15            0,1                (mol)

$V_{O_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$
$m_{Al_2O_3} =0,1.102 = 10,2(gam)$

Theo ĐLBTKL: m_Al2O3 = m_Al + m_O2

=> m_Al2O3 = 10,8 + 9,6 = 20,4 (g)

=> \(\%Al_2O_3=\dfrac{20,4}{21,2}.100\%=96,226\%\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

          2<---1,5---------->1

=> \(m_{Al_2O_3}=1.102=102\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al}=2.27=54\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,2=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=5.3,36=16,8\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

______0,3--------------->0,15

=> \(m_{Al_2O_3\left(PTHH\right)}=0,15.102=15,3\left(g\right)\)

=> m_{Al2O3 (thực tế)}  = \(\dfrac{15,3.100}{90}=17\left(g\right)\)

a) PTHH: Al + O₂ -> 2Al₂O₃

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{8,1.90\%}{100\%}=7,29\left(g\right)\)

7. Ta có: n_Zn = \(\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{32}{32}=1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Zn + O₂ ---t^o---> 2ZnO

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{1}{1}\)

=> Oxi dư

Theo PT: n_ZnO = n_Zn = 0,2(mol)

=> m_ZnO = 81.0,2 = 16,2(g)

8. Ta có: n_Al = \(\dfrac{21,6}{27}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ ---t^o---> 2Al₂O₃.

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,8}{4}=\dfrac{0,6}{3}\)

Vậy không có chất dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,8=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,4.102=40,8\left(g\right)\)

Em xem bài này là kiểu tính theo PT mà, bài này dễ lắm, bài 8 là bài toán dư

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{54}=0,1(mol)\\ 4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,075(mol);n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68(l);m_{Al_2O_3}=0,05.102=5,1(g)\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

0,2                 0,2 

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,2.102=20,4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow[]{}2Al_2O_3\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=102.0,1=10,2\left(g\right)\)

a/ nAl= 54/27= 2(mol)

nO2=48/32=1,5(mol)

PTHH: 2 Al2O3 -to-> 4 Al +3 O2

Ta có: 2/4 = 1,5/3

=> P.ứ hết 

=> nAl2O3= 1/2. nAl=1/2. 2=1(mol)

=> mAl2O3=1.102=102(g)

b)  %mAl2O3= (102/127,5).100= 80%