Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky :

\(\left(9a^3+3b^2+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{3}+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow9a^3+3b^2+c\ge\frac{1}{\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{3}+c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{9a^3+3b^2+c}\le a\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{3}+c\right)\)

Thực hiện tương tự với các phân thức khác và cộng theo vế :
\(P\le\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}+\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)

\(P\le\frac{2}{3}+ab+bc+ac\)

Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT AM - GM :

\(ab+bc+ac\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{3}=1\Rightarrow P_{max}=1\)

Vậy GTLN của P là 1 khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Áp dụng bđt Schwarz ta có:

\(P=\dfrac{a^4}{2ab+3ac}+\dfrac{b^4}{2cb+3ab}+\dfrac{c^4}{2ac+3bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{5\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{5}\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\).

\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=1\) (1)

Do \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca>0\Rightarrow a+b+c>0\)

(1)\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca+\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\ge3\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge1\)

a, Đặt \(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{5}=k\)\(\Rightarrow a=2k\); \(b=3k\); \(c=5k\)

Ta có: \(B=\frac{a+7b-2c}{3a+2b-c}=\frac{2k+7.3k-2.5k}{3.2k+2.3k-5k}=\frac{2k+21k-10k}{6k+6k-5k}=\frac{13k}{7k}=\frac{13}{7}\)

b, Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2a-1}=\frac{2}{3b-1}=\frac{3}{4c-1}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a-1}{1}=\frac{3b-1}{2}=\frac{4c-1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{1}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{12}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2.12}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3.12}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{6}=\frac{\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{8}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{3\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{18}=\frac{2\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{16}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{18+16-9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-c+\frac{1}{4}}{25}\)

\(=\frac{\left(3a+2b-c\right)-\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{25}=\left(4-\frac{23}{12}\right)\div25=\frac{25}{12}\times\frac{1}{25}=\frac{1}{12}\)

Do đó:  +)  \(\frac{a-\frac{1}{2}}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{6}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a=1\)

+) \(\frac{b-\frac{1}{3}}{8}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{8}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b=1\)

+) \(\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{9}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c=1\)

Ta có: \(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ca}{c+a}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{abc}{c\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{abc}{a\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{abc}{b\left(c+a\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow c\left(a+b\right)=a\left(b+c\right)=b\left(c+a\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow ac+bc=ab+ac=bc+ab\)

Lại có: \(ac+bc=ab+ac\)\(\Rightarrow bc=ab\)\(\Rightarrow a=c\)   (1)

 \(ab+ac=bc+ab\)\(\Rightarrow ac=bc\)\(\Rightarrow a=b\)              (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow a=b=c\) 

Ta có: \(P=\frac{ab^2+bc^2+ca^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{a.a^2+b.b^2+c.c^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=1\)

\(\dfrac{a^5}{b^3+c^2}+\dfrac{b^3+c^2}{4}+\dfrac{a^4}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^9.\left(b^3+c^2\right)}{8\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}=\dfrac{3a^3}{2}\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(\Rightarrow M-\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4}{2}+\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4}+\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Mặt khác ta có:

\(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{6}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\left(a^3+a^3+1\right)+\left(b^3+b^3+1\right)+\left(c^3+c^3+1\right)\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=9\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3\ge9\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)

\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{15}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}=...\)

Sai đề! Sửa: that 2c+b-a=2c+a-b

Đặt 2a+b-c=x, 2b+c-a=y, 2c+a-b=z

\(\Rightarrow8\left(a+b+c\right)^3=\left(x+y+z\right)^3=x^3+y^3+z^3\)và \(P=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)

Ta có: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+3\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y+z\right)-x^3-y^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3xy\left(x+y\right)+3\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y+z\right)=0\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+xz+yz+z^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow3P=0\Leftrightarrow P=0\)

ta có : 3/a+b=2/b+c=1/c+a=>a+b/3=b+c/2=c+a/1

=a+b-b-c/3-2=a-c/1

=>c+a=a-c=>c=0=>b=2a

thay c=0;b=2a vào M ta đc:

M=2a+3.2a+2020.0/3a+2.2a-2021.0=8a/7a=8/7