a)n(H2)=11,2/22,4=0,5(mol)

gọi n(al)=x;n(fe)=y(đk x,y>0)

=>27x+56y=16,6(1)

bạn viết hai PTHH al và fe td vs hcl dư

=>1,5x+y=0,5(2)

từ 1,2 có hệ:27x+56y=16,6 và 1,5x+y=0,5

giải hệ ta được x=n(al)=0,2 mol

                         y=n(fe)=0,2 mol

=>m(al) và fe nha

còn phần b mình chưa làm được

chúc bạn học tốt!

Gọi nFe=a(mol);nM=b(mol)⇒56a+Mb=9,6(1)


nH2=a+b=0,2⇒a=0,2−b

Ta có : 

⇒MM>4,60,25=18,4

+) Nếu 

Ta có : 

Suy ra a = 0,15 ; b = 0,05

mFe=0,15.56=8,4(gam)
mMg=0,05.24=1,2(gam)

+) Nếu 


Suy ra a = b = 0,1

mCa=0,1.40=4(gam)
mFe=0,1.56=5,6(gam)

Bài 1:

a) PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+2H_2O\)

                \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=20\cdot80\%=16\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=20-16=4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}+n_{CuO}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,35\cdot22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)

c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{hhB}=m_{Fe}+m_{Cu}=0,2\cdot56+0,05\cdot64=14,4\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

            \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

a) Vì khối lượng Cu bằng \(\dfrac{6}{5}\) khối lượng Fe 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=\dfrac{26,4}{6+5}\cdot6=14,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=26,4-14,4=12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=\dfrac{14,4}{64}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12}{56}=\dfrac{3}{14}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{9}{28}+0,225=\dfrac{153}{280}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{153}{280}\cdot22,4=12,24\left(l\right)\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{28}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=0,225\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{3}{28}\cdot160\approx17,14\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,225\cdot80=18\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=35,14\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{17,14}{35,14}\cdot100\%\approx48,78\%\\\%m_{CuO}=51,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 3:

PTHH: \(CuO+CO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+CO_2\uparrow\)

            \(Fe_3O_4+4CO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}3Fe+4CO_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{31,2+15,2}{2}=23,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=31,2-23,2=8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)=\dfrac{8}{80}=n_{CuO}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3\cdot56=16,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0,1\cdot64=6,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(n_{CO}=n_{CO_2}=n_{Cu}+\dfrac{4}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{7}{30}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO}=V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{7}{30}\cdot22,4\approx5,23\left(l\right)\)  

- Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27a+24b=10,2\left(1\right)\)

Khí thu được sau p/ứ là khí H₂: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

2                                         3       (mol)

a                                        3/2 a   (mol)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

1                                        1   (mol)

b                                         b   (mol)

Từ hai PTHH trên ta có: \(\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\) ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=10,2\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải ra ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\%Al=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{hh}}.100\%=\dfrac{0,2.27}{10,2}.100\%\approx52,94\%\)

\(\%Mg=100\%-\%Al=100\%-52,94=47,06\%\)

b)

 \(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\rightarrow^{t^0}2Fe+3H_2O\)

3               1              2  (mol)

0,5            1/6         1/3  (mol)

\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{3}.56=\dfrac{56}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{1}{6}.160=\dfrac{80}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=60-m_{Fe}=60-\dfrac{56}{3}=\dfrac{124}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(a=\dfrac{124}{3}+\dfrac{80}{3}=68\left(g\right)\)

\(\text{Đặt }n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+56y=13,9(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2(2)\\ b,\text{Từ 2 PT: }1,5x+y=0,35(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2(g)\)

\(c,n_{HCl(1)}=3n_{Al}=0,3(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{H_2(1)}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl(1)}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14,6\%}=75(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{2,7+75-0,15.2}.100\%=17,25\%\)

\(n_{HCl(2)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2(2)}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m{dd_{HCl(2)}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%=22,92\%\)

a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b) Gọi số mol Al, Fe lần lượt là a,b 

=> 27a + 56b = 13,9

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

a----->3a--------->a------->1,5a______(mol)

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b------>2b-------->b----->b__________(mol)

=> 1,5a + b = 0,35

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1=>m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\b=0,2=>m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) n_HCl = 3a + 2b = 0,7 (mol)

=> m_HCl = 0,7.36,5 = 25,55(g)

=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{25,55.100}{14,6}=175\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd\left(saupu\right)}=13,9+175-2.0,35=188,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{13,35}{188,2}.100\%=7,1\%\\C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{25,4}{188,2}.100\%=13,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)

        2         6               2             3

        a       0,6             0,2          1,5a

        \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

         1          2              1          1

        b         0,2            0,1              1b

a) Gọi a là số mol của Al

           b là số mol của Fe

\(m_{Al}+m_{Fe}=11\left(g\right)\)

⇒ \(n_{Al}.M_{Al}+n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}=11g\)

 ⇒ 27a + 56b = 11g (1)

Theo phương trình : 1,5a + 1b = 0,4(2)

Từ (1),(2), ta có hệ phương trình : 

            27a + 56b = 0,4

            1,5a + 1b = 0,4

            ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

 \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)

⁰/₀Al = \(\dfrac{5,4.100}{11}=49,09\)⁰/₀

⁰/₀Fe = \(\dfrac{5,6.100}{11}=50,91\)⁰/₀

b) \(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,6+0,2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,8.36,5=29,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{29,2.100}{20}=146\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{0,6.2}{6}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{AlCl3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{FeCl2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=11+146-\left(0,4.2\right)=156,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{26,7.100}{156,2}=17,09\)⁰/₀

\(C_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{12,7.100}{156,2}=8,13\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

ta co pthh

Fe3O4+4 H2 \(\rightarrow\)3Fe +4 H2O

ZnO+H2 \(\rightarrow\)Zn + H2O

Theo de bai ta co nH2= \(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)

goi x la so mol cua H2 tham gia vao pthh 1

so mol cua H2 tham gia vao pthh 2 la 0,3-x mol

theo pthh 1 nFe3O4= \(\dfrac{1}{4}nH2=\dfrac{1}{4}x\) mol

theo pthh 2 nZnO=nH2= 0,3-x mol

theo de bai ta co

232.\(\dfrac{1}{4}x\)+ 81.(0,3-x)=19,7

\(\Leftrightarrow\)58x + 24,3 -81x = 19,7

\(\Leftrightarrow\)-23x=19,7-24,3

\(\Leftrightarrow\)-23x=-4,6

\(\Rightarrow\)x= \(\dfrac{-4,6}{-23}=0,2mol\)

\(\Rightarrow\)nFe3O4=\(\dfrac{1}{4}nH2=\dfrac{1}{4}.0,2=0,05mol\)

nZnO=nH2=0,3-0,2=0,1 mol

\(\Rightarrow\)Khoi luong moi oxit trong hh la

mFe3O4=232.0,05=11,6 g

mZnO= mhh-mFe3O4=19,7-11,6=8,1 g

Theo pthh1 nFe= \(\dfrac{3}{4}nH2=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,2=0,15mol\)

\(\Rightarrow\)mFe= 0,15.56=8,4 g

theo pthh 2 nZn=nH2= 0,1 mol

\(\Rightarrow\)mZn=0,1.65=6,5 g