PTHH: \(Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+2FeCl_3+4H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{300\cdot3,65\%}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{8}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe₃O₄ còn dư, HCl p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0625\cdot232=14,5\left(g\right)\\m_{muối}=0,0375\cdot127+0,075\cdot162,5=16,95\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

nFe3O4= 23,2/232=0,1(mol); nHCl = (300.3,65%)/36,5= 0,3(mol)

a) PTHH: Fe3O4 + 8 HCl -> 2 FeCl3 + FeCl2 + 4 H2O

b) Ta có: 0,3/8 < 0,1/1

=> Fe3O4 dư, HCl hết, tính theo nHCl.

=> nFe3O4(p.ứ)= nFeCl2= nHCl/8=0,3/8= 0,0375(mol)

=> mFe3O4(dư)= (0,1- 0,0375).232=14,5(g)

c) nFeCl3= 2/8. 0,3= 0,075(mol)

=> mFeCl3= 0,075.162,5=12,1875(g)

mFeCl2= 0,0375. 127=4,7625(g)

=>m(muối)= 12,1875+ 4,7625= 16,95(g)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{25,55}{36,5}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\a. 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ b.Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,7}{6}\\ \Rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,7-\dfrac{6}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ m_{AlCl_3}=133,5.0,2=26,7\left(g\right)\)

n_H2 \(\approx\)0,2 (mol)

Mg + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl₂ + H₂ (1)

0,2 <------------ 0,2 <----- 0,2 (mol)

MgO + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl₂ + H₂O (2)

b) %^mMg = \(\frac{0,2.24}{8,8}\) . 100% =54,55%

%^mMgO = 45,45%

c) m_MgO = 8,8 - 0,2 . 24 = 4(g)

=> n_MgO=0,1 (mol)

Theo pt(2) n_MgCl2 = n_Mg = 0,1 (mol)

=> \(\Sigma n_{MgCl_2}\) = 0,2 + 0,1 = 0,3 (mol)

m_muối = 0,3 . 95 = 28,5 (g)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0.84}{22.4}=0.0375\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(.........0.075......0.0375\)

\(m_{HCl}=0.075\cdot36.5=2.7375\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

___________________0,3<----0,3____(mol)

=> m_MgCl2 = 0,3.95 = 28,5 (g)

\(n_{HCl}=0,25.2=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Zn}=0,25.65=16,25\left(g\right)\\ c,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

Không biết đúng không nữa;-;;;

a) PTHH: Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2 

b) HCl=250ml=0,25l

n2HCl= V/22,4= 0,5/22,4= 0,02(mol)

Zn  +  2HCl -> ZnCl2  +  H2

1          2              1         1

0,01 <-0,5--------------> 0,01

mZn= n.M= 0,01.65= 0,65(gam)

c) VH2=n . 22,4= 0,01 . 22,4= 0,224(l)
 

\(Zn + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow ZnSO_4 + H_2\)

b)

\(n_{H_2}= \dfrac{2,24}{22,4}= 0,1 mol\)

\(\)Theo PTHH:

\(n_{ZnSO_4}= n_{H_2}= 0,1 mol\)

\(m_{ZnSO_4}= 0,1 . 161=16,1g\)

c)

Theo PTHH:

\(n_{H_2SO_4}= n_{H_2}= 0,1 mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}= 0,1 . 98= 9,8g\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd H_2SO_4}= \dfrac{9,8 . 100}{20}=49g\)