\(a) m_{Cu} = 9,6(gam)\\ n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 16,55 -9,6 =6,95(1)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{3,92}{22,4} = 0,175(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,05 ; b = 0,1\\ m_{Al} = 0,05.27 = 1,35(gam); n_{Fe} = 0,1.56 = 5,6(gam)\)

\(b) n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,175.2 = 0,35(mol) \Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 0,35.36,5 = 12,775(gam)\)

a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

Mol:     0,1    0,2                             0,1

b,\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6.100\%}{12}=46,67\%;\%m_{Cu}=100-46,67=53,33\%\)

c,\(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{14,6}=50\left(g\right)\)

- Thấy Cu không phản ứng với HCl .

\(\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Cu}=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

.x.......................................1,5x.........

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

.y....................................y.............

Theo bài ra ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y+6,4=17,4\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=5,4\\m_{Fe}=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\) ( g )

b, \(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)

.......0,1.........0,2...............................

\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)

...0,2.......0,6..........................

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,2+0,6=0,8< 1\)

=> Trong B còn có HCl dư .

\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

...0,2..........0,2....................

=> Dư 0,2 mol HCl .

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}+0,2=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddB}=17,4+250-6,4-0,8=260,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{260,2}.100\%\approx2,8\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}\approx4,88\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}\approx10,26\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ....

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

m_Cu = m_Y = 9,6 (g)

Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b

=> 27a + 24b = 14,7 - 9,6 = 5,1 (g)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

            a-->3a-------->a------>1,5a 

            Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

            b--->2b------->b----->b

=> 1,5a + b = 0,25

=> a = 0,1; b = 0,1

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=9,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) n_HCl(PTHH) = 3a + 2b = 0,5 (mol)

=> n_{HCl(thực tế)} = \(\dfrac{0,5.120}{100}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)

c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\\C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\\C_{M\left(HCldư\right)}=\dfrac{0,6-0,5}{0,2}=0,5M\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{9,6}{64}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Cu+Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuCl_2\)

         0,15-->0,15

=> \(V_{Cl_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05mol\\ n_{H_2}=0,4mol\\ n_{Al}=a;n_{Zn}=b\\ 27a+65b=15,1-0,05\cdot64\\ BTe^-:3a+2b=2\cdot0,4\\ a=0,2;b=0,1\\ m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,6+0,2\right)\cdot36,5}{0,2}=146g\)

a) Do Cu không tác dụng với dd HCl nên được đem đi đốt trong không khí thu được CuO (Chất rắn Y) 
n_CuO=\(\dfrac{2,75}{80}=\text{0,034375}\) (mol)
2Cu + O₂ -----t^o----> 2CuO
0,034375------------->0,034375(mol)
=> m _Cu=0,034375.64 = 2,2(g)
=>m_Mg+Al =10 - 2,2 = 7,8(g)
Gọi a,b lần lượt là số mol của Mg,Al:
Mg+2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2+H2
a------2a------------------>a(mol)
2Al+6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl3+3H2
b------3b----------------->1,5b(mol)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+1,5b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\\24a+27b=7,8\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a=0,1 , b=0,2
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{10}.100=24\%\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{10}.100=54\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{2,2}{10}.100=22\%\)

b) \(n_{HCl}=2a+3b=2.0,1+3.0,2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=0,8.1=0,8\left(l\right)\)

c)\(n_{HCl}=0,8\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Cl^-}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

 \(m_{muói}=m_{kl}+m_{Cl^-}=7,8+0,8.35,5=36,2\left(g\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

a) Theo Pt : \(n_{H2}=n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{10}.100\%=56\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56\%=44\%\)

b) Theo Pt : \(n_{H2}=2n_{HCl}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{7,3\%}.100\%=100\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{ddspu}=10+100-0,1.2=109,8\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{109,8}.100\%=11,57\%\)

m(rắn)= mAg=3,2(g)

Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

nH2= 0,3(mol) -> nFe=0,3(mol)

=> mFe=0,3. 56=16,8(g)

=> m(hỗn hợp)= mAg+ mFe= 3,2+16,8=20(g)

=> %mAg= (3,2/20).100=16%

=>%mFe=100% - 16%=84%