Do \(a,b,c\geq 0\) và \(a+b+c=1\) nên \(a,b,c\le1\).

Xét hiệu \(5a+4-\left(a+2\right)^2=a\left(1-a\right)\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow5a+4\ge\left(a+2\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{5a+4}\ge a+2\).

Tương tự, \(\sqrt{5b+4}\ge b+2;\sqrt{5c+4}\ge c+2\).

Cộng vế với vế ta có \(T\ge a+b+c+6=7\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = 1; b = c = 0 và các hoán vị.

Vậy Min T = 7 khi a = 1; b = c = 0. 

Một ý tưởng để có được bất đẳng thức phụ \(\sqrt{5a+4}\ge a+2\forall0\le a\le1.\)

Do $0\leq a \leq 1$ nên $a\ge a^2.$

Ta có: \(\sqrt{5a+4}=\sqrt{a+4a+4+\ 4}\ge\sqrt{a^2+4a+4+4}=a+2\)

Ngoài ra còn một cách là giả sử \(\sqrt{5a+4}\ge ma+n\)

rồi đi chọn $m,n$ theo điểm rơi.

Không biết còn cách nào khác không nhỉ?

Áp dụng BĐT BSC:

\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{9}{c}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{36}{1}=36\)

\(minP=36\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{6}\\b=\dfrac{1}{3}\\c=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

đề sai

UCT. Chứng minh \(2a+\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{a^2+5}{2}\) với \(0< a^2;b^2;c^2< \sqrt{3}\)

Tương tự cộng lại là xong

Theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy, ta có:

\(a+\frac{1}{a}\ge2\)và \(b+\frac{1}{b}\ge2\)và \(c+\frac{1}{c}\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge a+b+c+6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)( thỏa đề bài)

\(\Leftrightarrow minP=1+1+1+6=9\)

\(P=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\frac{16}{4}=4\)

P=1/a+1/b+4/c > {1+1+2}^2/a+b+c

                       =16/4=16:4=4

Ta có:

\(P=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\)

\(P=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)

\(P=\frac{16}{4}\)

\(P=4\)

Vậy \(P=4\)

Giả sử \(c=min\left\{a,b,c\right\}\)và đặt \(2t=a+b=-c\Rightarrow t=-\frac{c}{2}\)

+)Nếu \(c\ge0\) thì \(a,b\ge0\). Khi đó: \(P\ge3\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=0\)

+) Nếu \(c< 0\Rightarrow t>0\). Ta có:

\(P\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)^2}{2}+\left(c^2+1\right)^2+\frac{3\sqrt{6}c\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\) (vì c < 0)

\(\ge\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}+2\right]^2}{2}+\left(c^2+1\right)^2+3\sqrt{6}c.\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\)

\(=\frac{\left(2t^2+2\right)^2}{2}+\left(c^2+1\right)^2+6\sqrt{6}t^2c\)

\(=\frac{\left[2\left(-\frac{c}{2}\right)^2+2\right]^2}{2}+\left(c^2+1\right)^2+6\sqrt{6}\left(-\frac{c}{2}\right)^2c\)

\(=\frac{9}{8}c^2\left(c+\frac{2\sqrt{6}}{3}\right)^2+3\ge3\)

\(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}};\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}};-2\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}\right)\) (và các hoán vị, trong trường hợp tổng quát)

Vậy....

P/s: Em không chắc lắm, chưa check lại.

1. Ta có : \(\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\)

Tương tự :  \(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{bc}\); \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{ac}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\). Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c

\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=9\)

\(9\le3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge3\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c = 1

\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=7\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=49\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=49\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=49\)

Xét hiệu \(A=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}-\frac{b}{c}-\frac{c}{b}-\frac{a}{c}\)

\(\frac{a^2c+b^2a+c^2b-b^2c-c^2a-a^2b}{abc}\)

\(\frac{\left(c-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}{abc}\)

Ta thấy c -b \(\ge\)0 ; a - c \(\le\)0 ; a - b \(\le\)0 nên ( c - b ) ( a - c ) ( a - b )\(\ge\)0

Mà abc > 0 nên A \(\ge\)0 => ....

\(4M=\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{4}{\left(c+a\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\)

\(\le\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)

=> 8M \(\le\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)

\(\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}=2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=8\)

=> \(M\le1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 3/4 

\(\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{a+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)

Cộng vế:

\(M\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=1\)

\(M_{max}=1\)  khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{3}{4}\)