Bài 1: Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\)

Lại có BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}=4\left(a+b=1\right)\)

Cộng theo vế 2 BĐT trên có:

\(P=a^2+b^2+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge4+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{9}{2}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)

Bài 2: Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(VT^2=\left(x-1\right)+\left(3-x\right)+2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(3-x\right)}\)

\(=2+2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(3-x\right)}\)

\(\le2+\left(x-1\right)+\left(3-x\right)=4\)

\(\Rightarrow VT^2\le4\Rightarrow VT\le2\left(1\right)\). Lại có:

\(VP=x^2-4x+4+2=\left(x-2\right)^2+2\ge2\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1);(2) xảy ra khi 

\(VT=VP=2\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+2=2\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=2\) (thỏa)

Vậy x=2 là nghiệm của pt

2. \(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{3-x}=x^2-4x+6\)

Điều kiện : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1\ge0\\3-x\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}1\le x\le3\left(1\right)\)

(Nháp nhé : dễ thấy phương trình có nghiệm \(x=2\) nên ta sẽ thêm bớt để có \(\left(x-2\right)\)là nhân tử chung )

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}-1+\sqrt{3-x}-1=x^2-4x+4\)

nhân liên hợp có :

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{3-x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{3-x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3-x}+1\right)}=\left(x-2\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-2}{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)}+\frac{-\left(x-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3-x}+1\right)}=\left(x-2\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{3-x}+1\right)}-\left(x-2\right)\right]=0\)

\(2x^2+y^2+9=6x+2xy\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\x-y=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=3\)

\(\Rightarrow A=x^{2019}.y^{2020}-x^{2020}.y^{2019}+\frac{1}{9xy}=\frac{1}{27}\)

1:

a: 2x-3=5

=>2x=8

=>x=4

b: (x+2)(3x-15)=0

=>(x-5)(x+2)=0

=>x=5 hoặc x=-2

2:

b: 3x-4<5x-6

=>-2x<-2

=>x>1

Với ab = 1 , a + b ¹ 0, ta có:

P = a 3 + b 3 ( a + b ) 3 ( a b ) 3 + 3 ( a 2 + b 2 ) ( a + b ) 4 ( a b ) 2 + 6 ( a + b ) ( a + b ) 5 ( a b ) = a 3 + b 3 ( a + b ) 3 + 3 ( a 2 + b 2 ) ( a + b ) 4 + 6 ( a + b ) ( a + b ) 5 = a 2 + b 2 − 1 ( a + b ) 2 + 3 ( a 2 + b 2 ) ( a + b ) 4 + 6 ( a + b ) 4 = ( a 2 + b 2 − 1 ) ( a + b ) 2 + 3 ( a 2 + b 2 ) + 6 ( a + b ) 4 = ( a 2 + b 2 − 1 ) ( a 2 + b 2 + 2 ) + 3 ( a 2 + b 2 ) + 6 ( a + b ) 4 = ( a 2 + b 2 ) 2 + 4 ( a 2 + b 2 ) + 4 ( a + b ) 4 = ( a 2 + b 2 + 2 ) 2 ( a + b ) 4 = ( a 2 + b 2 + 2 a b ) 2 ( a + b ) 4 = ( a + b ) 2 2 ( a + b ) 4 = 1

Vậy P = 1, với ab = 1 , a+b ¹ 0.