Cho \(\dfrac{x}{a}\) + \(\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=2\) và \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=2\) ( a,b,c,x,y,z ≠ 0) Tính giá trị của biểu thức
D = \(\left(\dfrac{a}{x}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{y}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{c}{z}\right)^2\)
Bài 1: Cho \(\dfrac{3a+b+2c}{2a+c}=\dfrac{a+3b+c}{2b}=\dfrac{a+2b+2c}{b+c}\). Tính giá trị biểu thức A=\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}\)
Bài 2: Cho x; y; z ≠ 0 và \(\dfrac{x+3y-z}{z}=\dfrac{y+3x-x}{x}=\dfrac{z+3x-y}{y}\). Tính P=\(\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+3\right)\left(\dfrac{y}{z}+3\right)\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+3\right)\)
Cứu tui với :<
1.
\(\dfrac{3a+b+2c}{2a+c}=\dfrac{a+3b+c}{2b}=\dfrac{a+2b+2c}{b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c+2a+c}{2a+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c+2b}{2b}=\dfrac{a+b+c+b+c}{b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{2a+c}+1=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2b}+1=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{2a+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}\)
TH1: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\c+a=-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(-c\right).\left(-a\right).\left(-b\right)}{abc}=-1\)
TH2: \(a+b+c\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2a+c}=\dfrac{1}{2b}=\dfrac{1}{b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+c=b+c\\2b=b+c\\\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a=b\\b=c\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow2a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(a+2a\right)\left(2a+2a\right)\left(2a+a\right)}{a.2a.2a}=9\)
Bài 2 đề sai
Ở phân thức thứ 2 không thể là \(\dfrac{y+3x-x}{x}\)
Bài 2:
\(P=\dfrac{x+3y}{y}\cdot\dfrac{y+3z}{z}\cdot\dfrac{z+3x}{x}=\dfrac{\left(x+3y\right)\left(y+3z\right)\left(z+3x\right)}{xyz}\)
Với \(x+y+z=0\)
\(\dfrac{x+3y-z}{z}=\dfrac{y+3z-x}{x}=\dfrac{z+3x-y}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3y+x+y}{z}=\dfrac{y+3z+y+z}{x}=\dfrac{z+3x+x+z}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(x+2y\right)}{z}=\dfrac{2\left(y+2z\right)}{x}=\dfrac{2\left(z+2x\right)}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(y-z\right)}{z}=\dfrac{2\left(z-x\right)}{x}=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2y-2z}{z}=\dfrac{2z-2x}{x}=\dfrac{2x-2y}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2y}{z}-2=\dfrac{2z}{x}-2=\dfrac{2x}{y}-2\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2y}{z}=\dfrac{2z}{x}=\dfrac{2x}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{z}{x}=\dfrac{x}{y}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=0\left(\text{trái với GT}\right)\)
Với \(x+y+z\ne0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3y-z}{z}=\dfrac{y+3z-x}{x}=\dfrac{z+3x-y}{y}=\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y-z=3z\\y+3z-x=3x\\z+3x-y=3y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y=4z\\y+3z=4x\\z+3x=4y\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{4x\cdot4y\cdot4z}{xyz}=64\)
Bài 1: Cho \(\dfrac{3a+b+2c}{2a+c}=\dfrac{a+3b+c}{2b}=\dfrac{a+2b+2c}{b+c}\). Tính giá trị biểu thức A=\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}\)
Bài 2: Cho x; y; z ≠ 0 và \(\dfrac{x+3y-z}{z}=\dfrac{y+3x-x}{x}=\dfrac{z+3x-y}{y}\). Tính P=\(\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+3\right)\left(\dfrac{y}{z}+3\right)\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+3\right)\)
Bài 1: Cho \(\dfrac{3a+b+2c}{2a+c}=\dfrac{a+3b+c}{2b}=\dfrac{a+2b+2c}{b+c}\). Tính giá trị biểu thức A=\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}\)
Bài 2: Cho x; y; z ≠ 0 và \(\dfrac{x+3y-z}{z}=\dfrac{y+3x-x}{x}=\dfrac{z+3x-y}{y}\). Tính P=\(\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+3\right)\left(\dfrac{y}{z}+3\right)\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+3\right)\)
Cho: \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=0\) và \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=2\). Tính giá trị của biểu thức: \(\dfrac{a^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{z^2}\)
Bài này dễ thôi:vv
Theo đề ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{xbc+yac+zab}{abc}=0\Leftrightarrow xbc+yac+zab=0\)
Lại có:\(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=2\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}\right)^2=4\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{z^2}+2\left(\dfrac{ab}{xy}+\dfrac{bc}{yz}+\dfrac{ca}{xz}\right)=4\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{z^2}+2\left(\dfrac{abz+bcx+cay}{xyz}\right)=4\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{z^2}+2.0=4\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{z^2}=2\)
Vậy...
cho \(\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
tính giá trị biểu thức \(P=x^{2020}+\left(y-1\right)^{2022}+\left(z-1\right)^{2023}\)
Lời giải :
\(\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{a^2}\right)+y^2\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)+z^2\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)=0\)
Do \(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{a^2}\ne0;\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{b^2}\ne0;\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{c^2}\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=0\\y^2=0\\z^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\\z=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay vào biểu thức P :
\(P=0^{2020}+\left(y-1\right)^{2022}+\left(z-1\right)^{203}=0+1-1=0\)
Cho \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=2\) và \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=2\)
Tìm giá trị biểu thức D = \(\left(\dfrac{a}{x}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{y}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{c}{z}\right)^2\)
cho các số x,y,z thoả mãn \(\dfrac{x}{y-z}+\dfrac{y}{z-x}+\dfrac{z}{x-y}=0\)
tính giá trị biểu thức A=\(\dfrac{x}{\left(y-z\right)^2}+\dfrac{y}{\left(z-x\right)^2}+\dfrac{z}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
Lời giải:
\(A=\left(\frac{x}{y-z}+\frac{y}{z-x}+\frac{z}{x-y}\right)\left(\frac{1}{y-z}+\frac{1}{z-x}+\frac{1}{x-y}\right)-\frac{x}{(y-z)(z-x)}-\frac{x}{(y-z)(x-y)}-\frac{y}{(z-x)(x-y)}-\frac{y}{(z-x)(y-z)}-\frac{z}{(x-y)(y-z)}-\frac{z}{(x-y)(z-x)}\)
\(=0-\frac{x(x-y)+x(z-x)+y(y-z)+y(x-y)+z(z-x)+z(y-z)}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}\)
\(=0-\frac{x^2+xz+y^2+xy+z^2+zy-(xy+x^2+yz+y^2+zx+z^2)}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}=0-\frac{0}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}=0\)
a. Cho x,y,z là 3 số khác 0 thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\)
Tính giá trị biểu thức A=\(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz}\)
b. Cho a,b,c là các số hữu tỉ khác nhau từng đôi một. Chứng minh rằng A=\(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
là bình phương của 1 số hữu tỉ
c. Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức B=\(\dfrac{5x^2+4x-1}{x^2}\)
Bài 1:Cho x, y, z >0 thỏa mãn x+y+z=12.Tìm GTLN của biểu thức
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-15}{z}\)
Bài 2:Cho a,b,c là số thực dương. Tìm GTNN của biểu thức
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Bài 1
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-15}{z}\)
\(M=\dfrac{x+12-15}{x}+\dfrac{y+12-15}{y}+\dfrac{z+12-15}{z}\)
\(M=\dfrac{x-3}{x}+\dfrac{y-3}{y}+\dfrac{z-3}{z}\)
\(M=1-\dfrac{3}{x}+1-\dfrac{3}{y}+1-\dfrac{3}{z}\)
\(M=3-\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)\)
\(M=3-3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3-3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(M_{max}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=4\)
Bài 2
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+3abc}{4abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{4abc}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-9\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\) (1)
Xét \(\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\) (2)
Cộng (1) và (2) theo từng vế
\(P\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\dfrac{22}{15}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{225\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{225}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{2}{15}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\dfrac{22}{15}\ge\dfrac{2}{15}-\dfrac{22}{15}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge-\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\dfrac{-4}{3}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Bài 1
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-15}{z}\)
Bài 2:
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)