Câu hỏi của Hattory Heiji - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath

tvbobnokb' n

iai

  ni;bv nn0

86 vì ta học lớp 9

Ta có: \(a\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+b\left(a^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+c\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\)

\(=a\left(b^2c^2-b^2-c^2+1\right)+b\left(a^2c^2-a^2-c^2+1\right)\)

\(+c\left(a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1\right)\)

\(=ab^2c^2-ab^2-ac^2+a+ba^2c^2-a^2b-bc^2+b\)

\(+ca^2b^2-a^2c-b^2c+c\)

\(=\left(ab^2c^2+ba^2c^2+ca^2b^2\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(-\left(ab^2+ac^2+a^2b+bc^2+a^2c+b^2c\right)\)

\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)\)\(-\left[ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\right]\)

\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)+3abc\)\(-\left[ab\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)+ca\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\)

\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)+3abc\)\(-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+abc+3abc\)\(-abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=4abc\)

Vậy \(a\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+b\left(a^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+c\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)=4abc\)(đpcm)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}\ge\dfrac{4}{\dfrac{a^2+1}{2}+b^2+1+\dfrac{c^2+1}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{b^2+7}\)

Tương tự

\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\ge\dfrac{8}{a^2+7}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\ge\dfrac{8}{c^2+7}\)

Cộng vế:

\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge\dfrac{8}{a^2+7}+\dfrac{8}{b^2+7}+\dfrac{8}{c^2+7}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\ge\dfrac{4}{a^2+7}+\dfrac{4}{b^2+7}+\dfrac{4}{c^2+7}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

a) Áp dụng Cauchy Schwars ta có:

\(M=\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1

b) \(N=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b+1}+\frac{9}{c+2}\ge\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{36}{6}=6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x=y=1

c) \(P=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{2.3}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x=y=1

Do a+b+c= 0

<=> a+b= -c 

=> (a+b)²= c² 

Tương tự: (c+a)²= b², (c+b)²= a²   

Ta có: \(A=\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2+a^2-b^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-c^2}\)

\(=\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{c^2+a^2-\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-\left(a+b\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{1}{-2bc}+\frac{1}{-2ca}+\frac{1}{-2ab}\)

\(=\frac{a+b+c}{-2abc}=0\)

Đáp án C

1, C/m : a^3 + b^3 + c^3 ≥ a^2.căn (bc) + b^2.căn (ac) + c^2.căn (ab) 
Ta có : 2( a^3 + b^3 + c^3 ) = ( a^3 + b^3 + c^3 ) + ( a^3 + b^3 + c^3 ) 
≥ 3abc + a^3 + b^3 + c^3 ( BĐT Côsi ) 
= a^3 + abc + b^3 + abc + c^3 + abc ≥ 2.a^2.căn (bc) + 2.b^2.căn (ac) + 2.c^2.căn (ab) ( BĐT Côsi ) 
=> a^3 + b^3 + c^3 ≥ a^2.căn (bc) + b^2.căn (ac) + c^2.căn (ab) 
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi a = b = c. 


2, C/m : (a^2 + b^2 + c^2)(1/(a + b ) + 1/(b + c) +1/(a + c) ) ≥ (3/2)(a + b + c) ( 1 ) 
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacốpxki cho phân số ( :D ) ta được : 
(a^2 + b^2 + c^2)(1/(a + b ) + 1/(b + c) +1/(a + c) ) ≥ (a^2 + b^2 + c^2).[(1+1+1)^2/(a+b+b+c+a+c)] = (a^2 + b^2 + c^2) . 9/[2.(a+b+c)] 
(1) <=> (a^2 + b^2 + c^2) . 9/[2.(a+b+c)] ≥ (3/2)(a + b + c) 
<=> 3(a^2 + b^2 + c^2) ≥ (a + b + c)^2 
<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 ≥ ab + bc + ca. 
BĐT cuối đúng nên => đpcm ! 
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi a = b = c. 


3, C/m : a^4 + b^4 + c^4 ≥ (a + b + c)abc 
Ta có : 2( a^4 + b^4 + c^4 ) = (a^4 + b^4 +c^4) + (a^4 + b^4 +c^4) 
≥ ( a^2.b^2 + b^2.c^2 + c^2.a^2 ) + (a^4 + b^4 +c^4) = ( a^4 + b^2.c^2 ) + ( b^4 + c^2.a^2 ) + ( c^4 + a^2.b^2 ) 
≥ 2.a^2.bc + 2.b^2.ca + 2.c^2.ab ( BĐT Côsi ) 
= 2.abc(a + b + c) 
Do đó a^4 + b^4 + c^4 ≥ (a + b + c)abc 
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi a = b = c.