Cho x,y,z>0 . Tìm GTNN của biểu thức :
\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}}{x+y+2z}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5y^2+6yz+5z^2}}{y+z+2x}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5z^2+6zx+5x^2}}{z+x+2y}\)
Cho x,y,z > 0.Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của
\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}}{x+y+2z}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5y^2+6yz+5z^2}}{y+z+2x}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5z^2+6zx+5x^2}}{z+x+2y}\)
Ta có: \(5x^2+6xy+5y^2=4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge4\left(x+y\right)^2\)
tương tự: \(5y^2+6yz+5z^2\ge4\left(y+z\right)^2\) ;\(5z^2+6xz+5z^2\ge4\left(x+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)}{x+y+2z}+\dfrac{2\left(y+z\right)}{y+z+2x}+\dfrac{2\left(x+z\right)}{x+z+2y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{2}\ge\dfrac{x+y}{x+y+2z}+\dfrac{y+z}{y+z+2x}+\dfrac{x+z}{x+z+2y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{2}\ge\dfrac{x+y}{\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{y+z}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}+\dfrac{x+z}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\)Theo BDT Nesbit
\(\dfrac{x+y}{\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{y+z}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}+\dfrac{x+z}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{P}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow P\ge3\)
Min P = 3 khi x = y = z
Cho x,y,z > 0 .Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của \(P=\frac{\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}}{x+y+2z}+\frac{\sqrt{5y^2+6yz+5z^2}}{y+z+2x}+\frac{\sqrt{5z^2+6zx+5x^2}}{z+x+2y}\)
cm bđt phụ \(5x^2+6xy+5y^2\ge4\left(x+y\right)^2\)nhé
Ta có: \(\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}=\sqrt{4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{4\left(x+y\right)^2}=2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}}{x+y+2z}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y\right)}{x+y+2z}\)(1)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{\sqrt{5y^2+6yz+5z^2}}{y+z+2x}\ge\frac{2\left(y+z\right)}{y+z+2x}\)(2); \(\frac{\sqrt{5z^2+6zx+5x^2}}{z+x+2y}\ge\frac{2\left(z+x\right)}{z+x+2y}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(\frac{\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}}{x+y+2z}+\frac{\sqrt{5y^2+6yz+5z^2}}{y+z+2x}+\frac{\sqrt{5z^2+6zx+5x^2}}{z+x+2y}\)\(\ge2\left[\frac{x+y}{\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{y+z}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z+x}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\right]\)
Đặt \(x+y=a;y+z=b;z+x=c\)thì \(\frac{x+y}{\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{y+z}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z+x}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\)\(=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
Nhưng ta có BĐT Nesbitt quen thuộc sau: \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Thật vậy:
(Bài này mình đã làm nhiều rồi nha nên ngại đánh lại, đây là bất đẳng thức có rất nhiều cách chứng minh nhưng mình nghĩ dồn biến là cách hay và đẹp nhất nha! Có thể tham khảo nhiều cách khác trên mạng, vô thống kê hỏi đáp của mình xem ảnh)
Như vậy: \(\frac{\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}}{x+y+2z}+\frac{\sqrt{5y^2+6yz+5z^2}}{y+z+2x}+\frac{\sqrt{5z^2+6zx+5x^2}}{z+x+2y}\)\(\ge2\left[\frac{x+y}{\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{y+z}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z+x}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\right]\)\(\ge2.\frac{3}{2}=3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z
Cho x,y,z >0 thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=3\). Tìm GTLN của biểu thức \(P=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5y^2+2yz+2z^2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5z^2+2xz+2x^2}}\)
\(5x^2+2xy+2y^2-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow5x^2+2xy+2y^2\ge4x^2+4xy+y^2=\left(2x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{2z+x}=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{9}{x+x+y}+\dfrac{9}{y+y+z}+\dfrac{9}{z+z+x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
\(\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}=\sqrt{4x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2+y^2}\ge\sqrt{4x^2+2xy+y^2+2xy}=2x+y\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2x+y}=\dfrac{1}{x+x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5y^2+2yz+2z^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5z^2+2zx+2x^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)=1\)
\(P_{max}=1\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Cho ba số thực x, y, z dương. Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức: \(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{2x^2+2xy+5y^2}}{3x+y+5z}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2y^2+2yz+5z^2}}{3y+z+5x}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2z^2+2xz+5x^2}}{3z+x+5y}\)
\(2x^2+2xy+5y^2=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge\left(x+2y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{x+2y}{3x+y+5z}+\dfrac{y+2z}{3y+z+5x}+\dfrac{z+2x}{3x+x+5y}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y\right)^2}{\left(x+2y\right)\left(3x+y+5z\right)}+\dfrac{\left(y+2z\right)^2}{\left(y+2z\right)\left(3y+z+5x\right)}+\dfrac{\left(z+2x\right)^2}{\left(z+2x\right)\left(3x+x+5y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y\right)^2}{3x^2+2y^2+7xy+5xz+10yz}+\dfrac{\left(y+2z\right)^2}{3y^2+2z^2+7yz+5xy+10xz}+\dfrac{\left(z+2x\right)^2}{3z^2+2x^2+7xz+5yz+10xy}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y+y+2z+z+2x\right)^2}{5\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+22\left(xy+xz+yz\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{9\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{5\left(x+y+z\right)^2+12\left(xy+xz+yz\right)}\ge\dfrac{9\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{5\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{12\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=1\) khi \(x=y=z\)
cho x,y,z là các số thực dương thỏa mãn \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)
chứng minh \(\dfrac{x^3}{2x+3y+5z}+\dfrac{y^3}{2y+3z+5x}+\dfrac{z^3}{2z+3x+5y}\ge\dfrac{1}{30}\)
đặt\(A=\dfrac{x^3}{2x+3y+5z}+\dfrac{y^3}{2y+3z+5x}+\dfrac{z^3}{2z+3x+5y}\)
\(=>A=\dfrac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\dfrac{y^4}{2y^2+3yz+5xy}+\dfrac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\)
BBDT AM-GM
\(=>A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
theo BDT AM -GM ta chứng minh được \(xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
vì \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(y^2+z^2\ge2yz\)
\(x^2+z^2\ge2xz\)
\(=>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)< =>xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(=>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(=>A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{10}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}}{10}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(đpcm\right)\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=y=z=1/3
Bài 1 : Tìm x,y,z biết :
a) 2x = 3y ; 5y = 7z và 3x - 7y + 5z = -30
b) 3x =5y ; 7y = 2z và x + y + z = 74
c) x : z = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) : \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) ; z : y = 1 : \(\dfrac{4}{7}\) và y + z = 66
d) x : y : z = 3 : 4 : 5 và \(2x^2\) + \(2y^2\) - \(3z^2\) = -100
e) \(x:y:z\) = 2 : 5 : 6 và \(2x^2\) + \(4y^2\) - \(4z^2\) = -324
f) \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}\) = \(\dfrac{y-2}{3}\) = \(\dfrac{z-3}{4}\) và \(x-2y+3z=14\)
g)\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}\) = \(\dfrac{y+3}{4}\) =\(\dfrac{z-5}{6}\) và \(5z-3x-4y=50\)
h) \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{7}\) và \(xy=56\)
i)\(\dfrac{x-y}{3}=\dfrac{x+y}{13}=\dfrac{xy}{200}\)
k) \(\dfrac{x-5}{6}=\dfrac{x+5}{18}\)
l) \(\dfrac{2x-11}{12}=\dfrac{x+5}{20}\)
Cho x, y, z > 0 thoả mãn x+y+z=2. Tìm GTNN của các biểu thức:
a) \(A=\sqrt{x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}+\sqrt{y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}+\sqrt{z^2+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}\)
b) \(B=\sqrt{x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}+\sqrt{y^2+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}+\sqrt{z^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}\)
c) \(C=\sqrt{2x^2+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{4}{z}}+\sqrt{2y^2+\dfrac{3}{z^2}+\dfrac{4}{x^2}}+\sqrt{2z^2+\dfrac{3}{x^2}+\dfrac{4}{y^2}}\)
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=>x=5.9=45
y=7.9=63
z=3*9=27
vậy x=45,y=63,z=27
cho x,y,z> 0 thỏa mãn \(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=1\) . Tìm GTLN của
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{5y^2+2yz+2z^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{5z^2+2xz+2x^2}}\)
\(P=\sum\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+4x^2+2xy+y^2}}\le\sum\frac{1}{\sqrt{2xy+4x^2+2xy+y^2}}=\sum\frac{1}{2x+y}\)
\(P\le\sum\frac{1}{x+x+y}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{2\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Tìm x,y,z biết :
1) \(x:y:z=3:5:\left(-2\right)\) và \(5x-y+3z=-16\)
2) \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{-3};\dfrac{z}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}\) và \(x+y+z=5,2\)
3) \(2x=3y;7z=5y\) và \(3x-7y+5z=30\)
4) \(3x=4y=5z\) và \(x-\left(y+z\right)=-21\)
5) \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\) và \(2x+3y-z=50\)