Áp dụng BĐT Holder:

\(\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\right)\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\right)\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}\)

Mà:

\(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge3\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\right)^2\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\ge\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\) (1)

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{2}}\le\sqrt{3\left(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{2}+\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{2}\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{2}}\le\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\) (2)

(1);(2) suy ra điều phải chứng minh

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Hai bài giống hệt nhau về cách làm:

Cho a, b, c > 0 thoả mãn: \(a b c=\sqrt{a} \sqrt{b} \sqrt{c}=2\). Chứng minh rằng: \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{a 1} \dfrac{\sqrt{... - Hoc24

Đẳng thức quen thuộc: \(a^2+ab+bc+ca=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\) và tương tự cho các mẫu số còn lại

Ta có:

\(\sum\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}=\sum\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)

Mặt khác:

\(2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=\left[a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)\right]\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\ge\left(a\sqrt{b+c}+b\sqrt{c+a}+c\sqrt{a+b}\right)^2\) (Bunhiacopxki)

\(\Rightarrow\sum\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(a\sqrt{b+c}+b\sqrt{c+a}+c\sqrt{a+b}\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\right)^2\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\right)^2\)

Do đó ta chỉ cần chứng minh:

\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Đúng theo AM-GM:

\(\sum\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\sum\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

`sqrta+sqrtb+sqrtc=2`

`<=>(sqrta+sqrtb+sqrtc)^2=4`

`<=>a+b+c+2sqrt{ab}+2sqrt{bc}+2sqrt{ca}=4`

`<=>2sqrt{ab}+2sqrt{bc}+2sqrt{ca}=4-(a+b+c)=4-2-2`

`<=>sqrt{ab}+sqrt{bc}+sqrt{ca}=1`

`=>a+1=a+sqrt{ab}+sqrt{bc}+sqrt{ca}=sqrta(sqrta+sqrtb)+sqrtc(sqrta+sqrtb)=(sqrta+sqrtb)(sqrta+sqrtc)`

Tương tự:`b+1=(sqrtb+sqrta)(sqrtb+sqrtc)`

`c+1=(sqrtc+sqrta)(sqrtc+sqrtb)`

`=>VT=sqrta/((sqrta+sqrtb)(sqrta+sqrtc))+sqrtb/((sqrtb+sqrta)(sqrtb+sqrtc))+sqrtc/((sqrtc+sqrta)(sqrtc+sqrtb))`

`=>VT=(sqrta(sqrtb+sqrtc)+sqrtb(sqrtc+sqrta)+sqrtc(sqrta+sqrtb))/((sqrta+sqrtb)(sqrtb+sqrtc)(sqrtc+sqrta))`

`=(sqrt{ab}+sqrt{ac}+sqrt{bc}+sqrt{ab}+sqrt{ac}+sqrt{bc})/((sqrta+sqrtb)(sqrtb+sqrtc)(sqrtc+sqrta))`

`=(2(sqrt{ab}+sqrt{bc}+sqrt{ca}))/((sqrta+sqrtb)(sqrtb+sqrtc)(sqrtc+sqrta))`

`=2/((sqrta+sqrtb)(sqrtb+sqrtc)(sqrtc+sqrta))`

`=2/\sqrt{[(sqrta+sqrtb)(sqrtb+sqrtc)(sqrtc+sqrta)]^2}`

`=2/\sqrt{(sqrta+sqrtb)(sqrta+sqrtc)(sqrtb+sqrta)(sqrtb+sqrtc)(sqrtc+sqrta)(sqrtc+sqrtb)}`

`=2/\sqrt{(1+a)(1+b)(1+c)}=>đpcm`

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{ab+2c^2}}{\sqrt{1+ab-c^2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab+2c^2}}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2+ab}}=\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)\left(ab+2c^2\right)}}\ge\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+2ab+2c^2}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+a^2+b^2+2c^2}=\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=ab+2c^2\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(VT\ge ab+bc+ca+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2+ab+bc+ca\)

Bài 1:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

$\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$

$\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$

Cộng theo vế và thu gọn:

$\frac{a+1}{a+1}+\frac{b+1}{b+1}+\frac{c+1}{c+1}\geq \frac{3(1+\sqrt[3]{abc})}{\sqrt[3]{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$

$\Leftrightarrow 3\geq \frac{3(1+\sqrt[3]{abc})}{\sqrt[3]{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$

$\Rightarrow (a+1)(b+1)(c+1)\geq (1+\sqrt[3]{abc})^3$

Ta có đpcm.

Bài 2:

$a^3+a^3+a^3+a^3+b^3+c^3\geq 6\sqrt[6]{a^{12}b^3c^3}=6a^2\sqrt{bc}$

$b^3+b^3+b^3+b^3+a^3+c^3\geq 6b^2\sqrt{ac}$

$c^3+c^3+c^3+c^3+a^3+b^3\geq 6c^2\sqrt{ab}$

Cộng theo vế và rút gọn thu được:

$a^3+b^3+c^3\geq a^2\sqrt{bc}+b^2\sqrt{ac}+c^2\sqrt{ab}$ 

Ta có đpcm.

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$

Bài 3:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

$\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{b+c+c+a+a+b}=\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{2(a+b+c)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}$

Ta có đpcm

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$

Không ai thảo luận câu này sao. T khởi động trước nhá.

Ta có: \(\cos\left(\dfrac{A-B}{2}\right)=\dfrac{\cos\left(\dfrac{A-B}{2}\right).\cos\left(\dfrac{A+B}{2}\right)}{\sin\dfrac{C}{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\cos A+\cos B}{2\sqrt{\dfrac{1-\cos C}{2}}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ca}}{2\sqrt{\dfrac{1-\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}}{2}}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2\right)}{abc}}{2\sqrt{\dfrac{c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}}}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\sqrt{c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2}}{2c\sqrt{ab}}\)

Ta sẽ chứng minh: \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\sqrt{c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2}}{2c\sqrt{ab}}\le\dfrac{a+b}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2abc^2}{c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2}\ge a^2+b^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2abc^2-\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)\ge0\) (đúng vì tam giác ABC nhọn)

\(\Rightarrow\cos\left(\dfrac{A-B}{2}\right)\le\dfrac{a+b}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}\left(1\right)\)

Tương tự ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)\le\dfrac{b+c}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\left(2\right)\\\cos\left(\dfrac{C-A}{2}\right)\le\dfrac{c+a}{\sqrt{2\left(c^2+a^2\right)}}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Cộng (1), (2), (3) vế theo vế ta được ĐPCM.