Fill each blank in the following passage with ONE suitable word.  (10 pts)

Today you can find fast food restaurants in almost every big (1). In some places, you (2) in a queue and get a hamburger or a hot dog in a paper box; In (3), you can pick up a tray of fish, chicken, pizza or even Mexican and Chinese food; and in some fast food places, you can even drive your (4) to a window and place your order. A few (5) later a worker passes you your food through the window and you can drive away and eat (6) in your car.

In New York, Paris, Tokyo, Singapore and thousands of other (7) of the world, new fast food restaurants (8) everyday.      But why do people prefer fast food (9) to more comfortable restaurants (10) they can sit quietly at a table and see the world go by?

Fill in each gap with one suitable word to complete the passage.

Everybody knows that the hamburger is a very (1)……… America food. However, people in the United States learned to make hamburgers (2)……… Germans. The Germans got the idea from Russia.

In the thirteenth century the Tartar people from Central Asia (3)……… to Russia and parts of Europe. They (4)……… something like hamburger meat, but it was raw. This raw meat was beef, lamb, goat meat or horsemeat. Soon the Russians started to eat raw meat, (5)……… Germans from Hamburg and other northern cities learned to eat this food from the Russians. (6)………, they added salt, pepper, a raw egg, and then cooked it.

Between 1830 and 1900 thousands (7)……… Germans went to live in the United States. They took the hamburger with (8)……... People called it hamburger steak. In 1940 at the World’s Fair in St. Louis (a city on the Mississippi River) a man from Texas sold hamburger steak in roll. Then people could eat it (9)……… their hands, like a sandwich. This was the first real hamburger (10)……… the hamburger we eat today.

Fill in each numbered blank with ONE suitable word. Write your answers in the space provided. (2.0 points)                       

Computing is now at the (1) ___________ stage as printing was when the first printing presses were used. (2) ___________ printing presses were invented, only rich people like kings and dukes could afford to buy books. Often these (3) ___________ were unable to read and hadn’t got enough time to learn. In any case, the books were so big that it was difficult for anyone to relax with a book (4) ___________ we do today. They wanted books (5) ___________ they were expensive and there was something magical about them. Only a few people were able to (6) ___________, and it took an extremely long time to write a book. Monks and other people who could write said ordinary people could not learn to read.

The position with computers is very similar today. A few years (7) ___________, computers were very large and expensive. Business managers and rich people ordered them but (8) ___________ didn’t know how to (9) ___________ them. In many (10) ___________,  however, the situation has now completely changed. Lots of people not only own microcomputer but also know how to use them.

XI. Fill in each numbered blank with a suitable word in the following passage. (20 points)

       Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their (1)_______. Scientific research shows that it can (2)________ many kinds of diseases. In (3)________, many people who smoke get lung cancer. Doctors believe that it may also cause lung cancer in people who do not  (4)_________. Nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from (5)_________ people’s cigarettes. This is secondhand smoking. People are becoming very aware of the danger of (6)________ smoke. As a result, they have passed laws that prohibit (7)________ from smoking in many public places. Besides, many government tend to put taxes on cigarette (8)________ as to discourage people from smoking. With all the concerted efforts (9)________by  the authority and non-smokers, we can look (10)_________ to the world without smoking.

XI. Fill in each numbered blank with a suitable word in the following passage. (20 points)

       Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their (1) _______ Scientific research shows that it can (2) ________ many kinds of diseases. In (3) ________, many people who smoke get lung cancer. Doctors believe that it may also cause lung cancer in people who do not  (4)_________. Nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from (5)_________ people’s cigarettes. This is secondhand smoking. People are becoming very aware of the danger of (6)________ smoke. As a result, they have passed laws that prohibit (7)________ from smoking in many public places. Besides, many government tend to put taxes on cigarette (8)________ as to discourage people from smoking. With all the concerted efforts (9)________by  the authority and non-smokers, we can look (10)_________ to the world without smoking.

Part 3. (10 points) Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word . Write the word in Your answers’part.  

California is the  (1) _______ famous state in the USA. It isn't  (2) ________ biggest state; that's Alaska. But it  (3) __________ the largest population and it's certainly the most important state  (4) _________ the US economy. It's richer  (5) _______ most countries in the world. The coast has  (6) _________ of the best climates in the USA;  (7) _________is warmer and dryer than most places. Some people would also  (8)________ it's the most beautiful! But California has some  (9)_________; Los Angeles has one of the worst crime rates  (10) ______ any US city.

Your answers:

VI. Fill in each numbered blank with a correct word to complete the following passage. 
 Air pollution is a growing problem throughout the world. Indoor air pollution is (1) 
…………….. of the leading causes of lung cancer. Families in developing countries use open 
stoves for cooking and heating (2) …………….. homes. These homes do not have proper 
ventilation. The smoke, which is (3) …………….. of chemicals and carcinogens, gets trapped 
inside where families eat and sleep. Outdoor pollution also (4) …………….. diseases and 
illness, especially in industrial cities such as Beijing, China, where cancer is (5) …………….. 
leading cause of death. China relies heavily on coal, which is considered the dirtiest (6) 
…………….. of energy. According to the European Union, only one percent of urban dwellers 
in China breathe clean (7) …………….. on an average day. Neighbouring countries including 
Japan and Korea receive much of China’s pollution in the (8) …………….. of acid rain. This 
pollution results mainly from the coal powered factories, which produce inexpensive goods (9) 
…………….. North American and European consumers. Outdoor air pollution is also a concern 
in many wealthy countries. Those who live and (10) …………….. in urban centres such as Los 
Angeles or Toronto experience many warm days beneath a layer of smog. 

Part A: Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. use only one suitable word for each space (10 points)

Of all the natural wonders of the world, (1)…….... are as spectacular as Niagara Falls. Located on (2).............. Niagara river along the border between the United States and Canada, Niagara (3)....... consists of (4)…...... falls, the American Falls and the Horseshoe Falls. The former is on the US side of the border, in the state of New York , while the (5).......... is on the (6)........... side. About 85% of the water in Niagara river flows over the Horseshoe Falls, which is the (7)...... impressive of the two falls. About ten million people visit the falls(8)....... year, most during the summer tourist reason. Sightseers can ride steamers up close to the boiling water of the falls, or view (9)......... from  parks  on  both  sides  of the  river.   Niagara  has long been  a  popular (10)...........

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