C₁: +Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{a+b+b+c+c+a}{c+a+b}\)\(=\dfrac{2a+2b+2c}{a+b+c}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{b}{b}+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{c}{c}+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{a}{a}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{b+a}{b}\cdot\dfrac{c+b}{c}\cdot\dfrac{a+c}{a}\)\(=\dfrac{b+a}{c}\cdot\dfrac{b+c}{a}\cdot\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)\(=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)

\(\Rightarrow M=8\)

C₂:

+)Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c}+1=\dfrac{b+c}{a}+1=\dfrac{c+a}{b}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c+a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a+b}{b}\)

+)Vậy, ta có:

\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c+a}{c}\) và \(\dfrac{b+c+a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a+b}{b}\)

\(-\)Vì \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c+a}{c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}-\dfrac{b+c+a}{a}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)=0\) ₍₁₎

\(-\)Vì \(\dfrac{b+c+a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a+b}{b}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b+c+a}{a}-\dfrac{c+a+b}{b}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}\right)=0\) ₍₂₎

\(-\)Mà theo đề bài ta có a,b,c đôi một khác 0 nên:

Từ _{(1) và(2)} ta suy ra được:

\(\rightarrow\)a+b+c=0

\(\Rightarrow a+b=\left(-c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow b+c=\left(-a\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow c+a=\left(-b\right)\)

+)Ta có:

M= \(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)

=\(\dfrac{a+b}{b}\cdot\dfrac{b+c}{c}\cdot\dfrac{a+c}{c}\)

\(=\dfrac{-c}{b}\cdot\dfrac{-a}{c}\cdot\dfrac{-b}{c}=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)\) =(-1)

Vậy M= \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8\\-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Từ giả thiết suy ra:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b-c}=\dfrac{-b}{c-a}+\dfrac{-c}{a-b}=\dfrac{-ab+b^2-c^2+ac}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\\\dfrac{b}{c-a}=\dfrac{-c}{a-b}+\dfrac{-a}{b-c}=\dfrac{-bc+c^2-a^2+ab}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\\\dfrac{c}{a-b}=\dfrac{-a}{b-c}+\dfrac{-b}{c-a}=\dfrac{-ac+a^2-b^2+bc}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}=\dfrac{-ab+b^2-c^2+ac}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\\\dfrac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\dfrac{-bc+c^2-a^2+ab}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\\\dfrac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\dfrac{-ac+a^2-b^2+bc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Cộng theo vế suy ra đpcm

Ta có:

\(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)\left(\dfrac{c}{a-b}+\dfrac{a}{b-c}+\dfrac{b}{c-a}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)+\dfrac{a}{b-c}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)+\dfrac{b}{c-a}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)\)

Xét:

\(\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)\)

\(=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left[\dfrac{b\left(b-c\right)+a\left(c-a\right)}{ab}\right]=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left(\dfrac{b^2-bc+ac-a^2}{ab}\right)\)

\(=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left[\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)-c\left(b-a\right)}{ab}\right]=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}.\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{ab}\)

\(=1-\dfrac{c\left(a+b-c\right)}{ab}=1-\dfrac{c.\left(-2c\right)}{ab}=1+\dfrac{2c^2}{ab}\) (do \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c\))

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{a}{b-c}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)=1+\dfrac{2a^2}{bc}\)

\(\dfrac{b}{c-a}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)=1+\dfrac{2b^2}{ca}\)

\(\Rightarrow P=3+2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{ab}\right)=3+\dfrac{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{abc}\)

Mặt khác ta có đằng thức quen thuộc:

Khi \(a+b+c=0\) thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Rightarrow P=3+\dfrac{2.3abc}{abc}=9\)

\(\dfrac{a}{b-c}+\dfrac{b}{c-a}+\dfrac{c}{a-b}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b-c}=\dfrac{b}{a-c}+\dfrac{c}{b-a}=\dfrac{b^2-ab+ac-c^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{\left(b-c\right)^2}=\dfrac{ab^2-a^2b+a^2c-ac^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

Tương tự ta có:

\(\dfrac{b^2}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\dfrac{bc^2-b^2c+b^2a-a^2b}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)

\(\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2c-c^2a+c^2b-cb^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

Cộng 3 đẳng thức trên có:

==" xl mk ko bt tài làm để có bình phương đc :)) mk chỉ can chứng minh

\(\dfrac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\dfrac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=0đcthui\)

Dấu >= hay <= vậy bạn? Bạn xem lại đề.

@Nguyễn Thanh Hằng đọc xong xóa đii nha

1.

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)

Ta có:

\(\left(ab-1\right)^2=a^2b^2-2ab+1=a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1+a^2+b^2-2ab\)

\(=\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\)

Tương tự: \(\left(bc-1\right)^2\ge\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)

\(\left(ca-1\right)^2\ge\left(c^2-1\right)\left(a^2-1\right)\)

Do \(a;b;c\ge1\)  nên 2 vế của các BĐT trên đều không âm, nhân vế với vế:

\(\left[\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\right]^2\ge\left[\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\right]^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Câu 2 em kiểm tra lại đề có chính xác chưa

2.

Câu 2 đề thế này cũng làm được nhưng khá xấu, mình nghĩ là không thể chứng minh bằng Cauchy-Schwaz được, phải chứng minh bằng SOS

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(c=max\left\{a;b;c\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\ge0\) (1)

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{b+c}{ac+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{a^3+abc}+\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b^3+abc}+\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c^3+abc}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)+a\left(c-b\right)}{a^3+abc}+\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b^3+abc}+\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c^3+abc}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow c\left(b-a\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+abc}-\dfrac{1}{b^3+abc}\right)+a\left(c-b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+abc}-\dfrac{1}{c^3+abc}\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)\left(b^3-a^3\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)\left(c^3-a^3\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)}\ge0\)

Đúng theo (1)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)