\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Ba + 2H₂O --> Ba(OH)₂ + H₂

          0,1<------------------------0,1

=> m_Ba = 0,1.137 = 13,7 (g)

=> m_Cu = 20 - 13,7 = 6,3 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ba}=\dfrac{13,7}{20}.100\%=68,5\%\\\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,3}{20}.100\%=31,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ba+2H₂O->Ba(OH)₂+H₂

0,1--------------------------0,1 mol

n _H2 =\(\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)

m _Ba=0,1.137=13,7g=>%Ba=68,5%

=>m _Cu=20-13,7=6,3g=>%Cu=31,5%

Vik chỉ có Ba tác dụng đc vs nước (H₂O) , Cu ko td vs nước nên ta có :

PTHH :  \(Ba+2H_2O->Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\uparrow\)       (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V_{\left(đktc\right)}}{22,4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Từ (1) ->  \(n_{Ba}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

-> \(m_{Ba}=n.M=0,1.137=13,7\left(g\right)\)

=> \(\%m_{Ba}=\dfrac{m_{Ba}}{m_{HH}}.100\%=68,5\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-\%m_{Ba}=100\%-68,5\%=31,5\%\)

Bài 1 : 

Giả sử : hỗn hợp có 1 mol 

\(n_{H_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{O_2}=1-a\left(mol\right)\)

\(\overline{M_X}=0.3276\cdot29=9.5\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_X=2a+32\cdot\left(1-a\right)=9.5\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a=0.75\)

Cách 1 : 

\(\%H_2=\dfrac{0.75}{1}\cdot100\%=75\%\)

\(\%O_2=100-75=25\%\)

Cách 2 em tính theo thể tích nhé !

Bài 2 : 

\(M_A=16\cdot4=64\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

\(n_A=\dfrac{16}{64}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_A=0.25\cdot22.4=5.6\left(l\right)\)

Bài 3 : 

\(M_A=16\cdot2.75=44\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

\(M_B=M_A\cdot1.4545=44\cdot1.4545=64\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

\(m_X=0.3\cdot0.625\cdot64=12\left(g\right)\)

- Áp dụng phương pháp đường chéo .

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{O2}}{n_{CO2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Mà \(n_{CO2}+n_{O2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO2}=0,2\\n_{O2}=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow m=12g\)

nO₂ = \(\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Pt: 2Cu + O₂ \(\rightarrow\) 2CuO

        x       0,5x        x

      3Fe + 2O₂ \(\rightarrow\) Fe₃O₄

        y          2/3y      1/3y

Theo bài ta có hpt: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}64x+56y=23,2\\0,5x+\dfrac{2}{3}y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)

mCuO = 0,1.80 = 8 g

mFe₃O₄ = 0,3.232 = 69,6g

=> %mCuO = \(\dfrac{8}{8+69,6}.100\%=10,3\%\)

%mFe₃O₄ = 100 - 10,3 = 89,7%

Mg + 2 H2SO4 (đ) -to-> MgSO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O

x_________2x__________________x(mol)

2 Fe + 6 H2SO4(đ) -to-> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3 SO2 + 6 H2O

y______3y_____________________1,5y(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=18,4\\x+1,5y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mMg= 0,3.24=7,2(g)

=> %mMg= (7,2/18,4).100=39,13%

=>%mFe= 60,87%

b) nH2SO4(tổng)=2x+3y=2.0,3+3.0,2=1,2(mol)

VddH2SO4=1,2/2=0,6(l)

a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow56a+24b=18,4\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(3a+2b=0,6\cdot2\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot56}{18,4}\cdot100\%\approx60,87\%\\\%m_{Mg}=39,13\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{SO_2}+3n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+n_{MgSO_4}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,2}{2}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)

a) Gọi mol Fe là a
           mol Mg là b
Ta có: 56a+24b = 18,4 (1)
Bte: 3a+2b = nS0₂.2
\(\Leftrightarrow\)3a+2b = 0,6.2  (2)
Từ(1),(2)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\)mFe = 11,2 (g) \(\Rightarrow\)%mFe = 60,87%
    mMg = 7,2 (g)  \(\Rightarrow\) %mMg = 39,13%
b)Ta có: nH₂S0₄ = 2nSo₂+nO_2(oxit)+nC0_{2(nếu có)}
\(\Rightarrow\)nH₂SO₄ = 2.0,6 = 1,2 (mol)
Có: C_M = \(\dfrac{n}{V}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)V = n.C_M = 1,2.2 = 2,4 (\(l\))

 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ MgO+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{6,4}.100\%=37,5\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{MgO}=100\%-37,5\%=62,5\%\)

\(b,n_{MgO}=\dfrac{6,4-0,1.24}{40}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2.0,1+2.0,1=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8(l)\\ c,n_{MgCl_2}=0,1+0,1=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,8}=0,25M\)

a) n_NO=8,96/22,4=0,4(mol)

bảo toàn e:

Al⁰ --> Al³⁺ +3e

x                    3x

Cu⁰--> cu⁺²+ + 2e

  y                      2y

N⁺⁵ + 3e --> N⁺²

           1,2       0,4

=> hệ: 27x+64y=24,6 và 3x+2y=1,2

bấm máy ta được: x= 0,2 và y=0,3

=> m_Al=5,4g ; m_Cu=19,2g

b) Al + 4HNO₃ --> Al(NO₃)₃ + NO + 2H₂O

    3Cu + 8HNO₃ --> 3Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2NO + 4H₂O 

Ta thấy: n_{HNO3(phản ứng)}=4n_NO=1,6(mol)

=> n_{HNO3(đã dùng)}=1,6+1,6*20%=1,92(mol)

=>V_{HNO3(đã dùng)}=1,92/1=1,92(l)