sửa lại đề bài nhé 

tìm x ,biết 

\(x=\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{c+a}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)

+ nếu a+b+c=0

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\c+a=-b\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{c}{a+b}\\\dfrac{a}{b+c}\\\dfrac{b}{c+a}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=-1\)

nếu a+b+c \(\ne0\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có 

\(x=\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{c+a}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

nếu nếu a+b+c \(\ne0\)

thì x=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

nếu nếu a+b+c =0

thì x= -1

x là giá trị của mỗi tỉ số nhé

\(\ne0\)\(\ne0\)

\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{a+c}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}+1=\dfrac{b}{a+c}+1=\dfrac{c}{a+b}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b}\)

\(\Rightarrow b+c=a+c=b+a\)

\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)

\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{a+c}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a}{a+a}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{d}=\dfrac{b+c+d}{a}=\dfrac{c+d+a}{b}=\dfrac{d+a+b}{c}\)

TH1: \(a+b+c+d=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{d}=\dfrac{b+c+d}{a}=\dfrac{c+d+a}{b}=\dfrac{d+a+b}{c}=\dfrac{-c}{c}=-1\)

TH2: \(a+b+c+d\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{d}=\dfrac{b+c+d}{a}=\dfrac{c+d+a}{b}=\dfrac{d+a+b}{c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=2\)

a+b+c=0\(\Rightarrow c=0-a-b\)

Thay vào tỉ số đầu tiên ta được

\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{a}{b+0-a-b}=\dfrac{a}{-a}=-1\)

Mà \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{a+c}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{a+c}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}=-1\)

Chúc bạn học tốt

Đề bài \(S=\dfrac{a+b}{2c}+\dfrac{b+c}{3a}+\dfrac{c+a}{4b}\) đúng hơn chứ nhỉ?

ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b\ne-c\\c\ne-a\\a\ne-b\end{matrix}\right.\) và \(a,b,c\ne0\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{c+a}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+c+a+a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a=b+c\\2b=c+a\\2c=a+b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{a+b}{2c}+\dfrac{b+c}{3a}+\dfrac{c+a}{4b}=\dfrac{2c}{2c}+\dfrac{2a}{3a}+\dfrac{2b}{4b}=1+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{13}{6}\)

+) Nếu \(a,b,c\ne0\) thì theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :

\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{c+a}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

+) Nếu \(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow b+c=-a;c+a=-b;a+b=-c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{c+a}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a}{-a}=\dfrac{b}{-b}=\dfrac{c}{-c}=-1\)