PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25\cdot56=14\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=6\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{FeSO_4}=0,25mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,25\cdot152=38\left(g\right)\)

Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25\cdot98}{10\%}=245\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,25\cdot2=0,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{H_2SO_4}-m_{Cu}-m_{H_2}=258,5\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{38}{258,5}\cdot100\%\approx14,7\%\)

pthh : Fe +H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ +H₂

theo bài ra số mol của h2 =0,15 (mol)

theo pt : nFe=nH₂=0,15 (mol)

mFe=0,15 .56 =8,4 (g) ⇒mCu=20-8,4=11,6 (g)

a) Y là Cu

$m_{Cu} = 8(gam)$

Gọi $n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)$

Ta có : $27a + 56b + 8 = 13,45(1)$

$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra  a = 0,15 ; b = 0,025$

$\%m_{Cu} = \dfrac{8}{13,45}.100\% = 59,47\%$
$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,15.27}{13,45}.100\% = 30,11\%$

$\%m_{Fe} = 10,42\%$

b)

$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = 0,25(mol)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,25}{0,5} = 0,5(lít)$

a) \(2Fe+6H_2SO_4\text{đặc}\rightarrow^{t^o}Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\)

\(2FeO+4H_2SO_4\text{đặc}\rightarrow^{t^0}Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+SO_2+4H_2O\)

\(2Fe_3O_4+10H_2SO_4\text{đặc}\rightarrow3Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+SO_2+10H_2O\)

Quy đổi hỗn hợp A gồm x mol Fe và y mol O

\(\Rightarrow56x+16y=49,6\) (1)

\(Fe\rightarrow Fe^{3+}+3e\)

x ------------> 3x

\(S^{+6}+2e\rightarrow S^{+4}\)

..........0,8 <--- 0,4

\(O+2e\rightarrow O^{2-}\)

y --> 2y

\(\Rightarrow3x=2y+0,8\) (2)

Giải hệ (1)(2) được x = 0,7 mol, y = 0,65 mol

\(\Rightarrow\%m_O=\dfrac{16.0,65}{49,6}.100\%=20,97\%\)

Ta có:

\(2H_2SO_4+2e\rightarrow SO_4^{2-}+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\)

...............................0,4 <---- 0,4

\(\Rightarrow n_{SO_4^{2-}}\text{tạo muối với cation kim loại}=0,4\) mol

\(\Rightarrow m_{\text{muối}}=m_{\text{kim loại}}+m_{SO_4^{2-}}\text{tạo muối với cation kim loại}\)

\(=56.0,7+96.0,4=77,6\) gam

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\text{đặc}\rightarrow^{t^0}Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

Chọn A

Đáp án A

n H 2   =   0 , 2   ( m o l )

=> m_hh= m_Fe + m_Al

Bảo toàn electron:

\(n_{HCl}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,6}{2}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=t\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=r\left(mol\right)\\ \left(t,r>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27t+56r=8,3\\1,5t+r=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t=0,1\\r=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right);m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddFeCl_2}=127.0,1=12,7\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=300.1,15=345\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=8,3+345-0,25.2=352,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,25.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65}{352,8}.100\approx1,035\%\\ C\%_{ddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{13,35}{352,8}.100\approx3,784\%\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{12,7}{352,8}.100\approx3,6\%\)