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16. Journalists suppose that the footballer is earning ten million pounds a year.

-> The footballer..................................................................

17. It is reported that the damage is extensive.

-> The damage .....................................................

18. People rumour that two people were seriously injured in the car accident.

-> Two people ....................................................................................................

19. They say that you are the best singer in town.

-> It .......................................................................................

Put the sentences into passive voice

1. People believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police

=> He

2. Journalists suppose that the football player is earning ten million pounds a year

=> The football player

3. It is reported that the damage is extensive

=> That damage

4. Lots of people believe the criminal is living abroad

=> The criminal

5. People think the government is planning a new airport

=> It is

6. People thought Sue had paid too much

=> Sue

7. The police believed that the thief was still in the house

=> The thief

8. It is believed that the boy is wearing a white T-shirt and ble jeans

=> The boy

9. Everyone knows the portrait was paintes by Picasso

=> The portrait

CHOOSE THE SENTENCES THAT IS CLOSEST IN MEANING TO EACH SENTENCES BELOW.

1)People consider that she was the best singer that Australia has ever produced.

A)She is consider to be the best singer that Australia has ever produced.

B)She was consider to have been the best singer that Australia has ever produced.

C)She is considered to have been the best singer that Australia has ever produced.

D)She was consider to be the best singer that Australia has ever produced.

2)It is expected that the weather will be good tomorow.

A)The weather was expected to be good tomorow.

B)The weather would be good tomorow.

C)The weather is expected to be good tomorow.

D)It was expected that the weather will be good tomorow.

3)A lot of people belive that the Prime Minister and his wife have separated.

A)The Prime Minister and his wife were belived to have separated.

B)The Prime Minister and his wife are belived to have separated.

C)The Prime Minister and his wife are belived to have been separated.

D)The Prime Minister and his wife are belived to have separated.

4)IT is reported that the building has been badly damaged by the fire.

A)The building is reported to have badly damaged by the fire.

B)The building was reported to have been badly damaged by the fire.

C)The building have been badly damaged by the fire is reported.

D)The building is reported to have been badly damaged by the fire.

5)People have acknowledged that underfunding contributed to the problem.

A)Underfunding has been acknowledged to have contributed to the problem.

B)Underfunding has been acknowledged to have been contributed to the problem.

C)Underfunding has been acknowledged to be contributed to the problem.

D)Underfunding has been acknowledged to have had contributed to the problem.

6)People belive that he has special knowledge which may be usefull to the police.

A)He is belived to have special knowledge which may be usefull to the police.

B)He was belived to have special knowledge which may be usefull to the police.

C)He has special knowledge which may be usefull to the police.

D)He has special knowledge which may be usefull to the police is belived.

7) Journalists suppose that the footballer is earning ten million pounds a year.

A)The footballer was suppose to be earning ten million pounds a year.

B)The footballer is suppose to be earning ten million pounds a year.

C)The footballer is being earned ten million pounds a year.

D)The footballer was being earned ten million pounds a year.

8)It is reported that the damage is extensive.

A)It was reported that the damage is extensive.

B)It is reported that the damage was extensive.

C)The damage was reported to be extensive.

D)The damage is reported to be extensive.

9)People used to think that the earth was flat.

A)It used to be thought that the earth was flat.

B)It used to be thought that the earth was flat.

C)The earth was thought as flat.

D)People used to be thought that the earth was flat.

10)People say that the driver was listening to his walkmen at the time of the crash.

A)The driver is said to be listening to his walkmen at the time of the crash.

B)The driver was said to be listening to his walkmen at the time of the crash.

C)The driver was being listened to his walkmen at the time of the crash.

D)The driver was being listened to his walkmen at the time of the crash.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 9 to 13.

Scientists have experimented with a new procedure for alleviating the damage caused by strokes. Strokes are frequently caused by a blood clot lodging in the tree of arteries in the head, choking the flow of blood. Some brain cells die as a direct result of the stroke, but others also die over several hours because the proteins spilling out of the first cells that die trigger a chemical chain reaction that kills the neighboring cells.

The current method of reducing the amount of damage is to give a clot dissolver, known as TPA, as soon as possible. But generally TPA is not given to the patient until he or she reaches the hospital, and it still does not immediately stop the damage.

The new technology, still in the research stage, involves chilling the area or the entire patient. It is already known that when an organ is cooled, damage is slowed. This is why sometimes a person who has fallen into an icy pond is not significantly harmed after being warmed up again. The biggest issue is the method of cooling. It is not feasible to chill the head alone. Doctors have chilled the entire body by wrapping the patient in cold materials, but extreme shivering was a problem.

The new idea is to cool the patient from the inside out. Several companies are studying the use of cold-tipped catheters, inserted into the artery in the groin and threaded up to the inferior vena cava, which is a large vein that supplies blood to the abdomen. The catheter is expected to cool the blood that flows over it, thus allowing cooler blood to reach the area of the stroke damage.

It is not expected that the cooling will be substantial, but even a slight decrease in temperature is thought to be helpful. In effect, the patient is given a kind of forced hypothermia. And doctors believe it is important to keep the patient awake so that they can converse with the patient in order to ascertain mental condition.

Studies continue to determine the most effective and least damaging means of cooling the patient in order to reduce this damage.

According to the passage, all of the following are true except that _____.

A. some cells die immediately when a person has a stroke, and others die later 

B. the protein from dead cells kills other cells 

C. cells die only as a direct result of the stroke 

D. TPA is effective in removing blood clots

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 9 to 13.

Scientists have experimented with a new procedure for alleviating the damage caused by strokes. Strokes are frequently caused by a blood clot lodging in the tree of arteries in the head, choking the flow of blood. Some brain cells die as a direct result of the stroke, but others also die over several hours because the proteins spilling out of the first cells that die trigger a chemical chain reaction that kills the neighboring cells.

The current method of reducing the amount of damage is to give a clot dissolver, known as TPA, as soon as possible. But generally TPA is not given to the patient until he or she reaches the hospital, and it still does not immediately stop the damage.

The new technology, still in the research stage, involves chilling the area or the entire patient. It is already known that when an organ is cooled, damage is slowed. This is why sometimes a person who has fallen into an icy pond is not significantly harmed after being warmed up again. The biggest issue is the method of cooling. It is not feasible to chill the head alone. Doctors have chilled the entire body by wrapping the patient in cold materials, but extreme shivering was a problem.

The new idea is to cool the patient from the inside out. Several companies are studying the use of cold-tipped catheters, inserted into the artery in the groin and threaded up to the inferior vena cava, which is a large vein that supplies blood to the abdomen. The catheter is expected to cool the blood that flows over it, thus allowing cooler blood to reach the area of the stroke damage.

It is not expected that the cooling will be substantial, but even a slight decrease in temperature is thought to be helpful. In effect, the patient is given a kind of forced hypothermia. And doctors believe it is important to keep the patient awake so that they can converse with the patient in order to ascertain mental condition.

Studies continue to determine the most effective and least damaging means of cooling the patient in order to reduce this damage.

The word “alleviating” in the first sentence is closest in meaning to _____.

A. causing

B. devastating

C. reducing

D. increasing

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 9 to 13.

Scientists have experimented with a new procedure for alleviating the damage caused by strokes. Strokes are frequently caused by a blood clot lodging in the tree of arteries in the head, choking the flow of blood. Some brain cells die as a direct result of the stroke, but others also die over several hours because the proteins spilling out of the first cells that die trigger a chemical chain reaction that kills the neighboring cells.

The current method of reducing the amount of damage is to give a clot dissolver, known as TPA, as soon as possible. But generally TPA is not given to the patient until he or she reaches the hospital, and it still does not immediately stop the damage.

The new technology, still in the research stage, involves chilling the area or the entire patient. It is already known that when an organ is cooled, damage is slowed. This is why sometimes a person who has fallen into an icy pond is not significantly harmed after being warmed up again. The biggest issue is the method of cooling. It is not feasible to chill the head alone. Doctors have chilled the entire body by wrapping the patient in cold materials, but extreme shivering was a problem.

The new idea is to cool the patient from the inside out. Several companies are studying the use of cold-tipped catheters, inserted into the artery in the groin and threaded up to the inferior vena cava, which is a large vein that supplies blood to the abdomen. The catheter is expected to cool the blood that flows over it, thus allowing cooler blood to reach the area of the stroke damage.

It is not expected that the cooling will be substantial, but even a slight decrease in temperature is thought to be helpful. In effect, the patient is given a kind of forced hypothermia. And doctors believe it is important to keep the patient awake so that they can converse with the patient in order to ascertain mental condition.

Studies continue to determine the most effective and least damaging means of cooling the patient in order to reduce this damage.

What is the passage mainly about?

A. The dangers of cooling the body. 

B. New pharmaceutical methods for reducing stroke damage that are being researched. 

C. Causes and effects of strokes. 

D. A new method of cooling the body to reduce stroke damage that is being researched.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 9 to 13.

Scientists have experimented with a new procedure for alleviating the damage caused by strokes. Strokes are frequently caused by a blood clot lodging in the tree of arteries in the head, choking the flow of blood. Some brain cells die as a direct result of the stroke, but others also die over several hours because the proteins spilling out of the first cells that die trigger a chemical chain reaction that kills the neighboring cells.

The current method of reducing the amount of damage is to give a clot dissolver, known as TPA, as soon as possible. But generally TPA is not given to the patient until he or she reaches the hospital, and it still does not immediately stop the damage.

The new technology, still in the research stage, involves chilling the area or the entire patient. It is already known that when an organ is cooled, damage is slowed. This is why sometimes a person who has fallen into an icy pond is not significantly harmed after being warmed up again. The biggest issue is the method of cooling. It is not feasible to chill the head alone. Doctors have chilled the entire body by wrapping the patient in cold materials, but extreme shivering was a problem.

The new idea is to cool the patient from the inside out. Several companies are studying the use of cold-tipped catheters, inserted into the artery in the groin and threaded up to the inferior vena cava, which is a large vein that supplies blood to the abdomen. The catheter is expected to cool the blood that flows over it, thus allowing cooler blood to reach the area of the stroke damage.

It is not expected that the cooling will be substantial, but even a slight decrease in temperature is thought to be helpful. In effect, the patient is given a kind of forced hypothermia. And doctors believe it is important to keep the patient awake so that they can converse with the patient in order to ascertain mental condition.

Studies continue to determine the most effective and least damaging means of cooling the patient in order to reduce this damage.

According to the passage, what causes a stroke?

A. Low blood flow

B. A blood clot sticking in an area of the brain 

C. Hot blood

D. A patient choking on food

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in bracket.

1. 

2. 

3.