Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{KOH}=0,2\cdot0,75=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo 2 muối

PTHH: \(CO_2+KOH\rightarrow KHCO_3\)

                a______a_________a                   (mol)

            \(CO_2+2KOH\rightarrow K_2CO_3+H_2O\)

                b_______2b________b                    (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,1\\a+2b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KHCO_3}}=C_{M_{K_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)

a)

$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H-2$

b) $n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{Mg} = \dfrac{4,8}{24} = 0,2(mol)$
$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,2.98}{200}.100\% = 9,8\%$

$n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,2(mol)$

$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ A} = 4,8 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 204,4(gam)$
$C\%_{MgSO_4} = \dfrac{0,2.120}{204,4}.100\% = 11,7\%$

c) $V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$

Fe+2HCl->FeCl₂+H₂

0,125--0,25---0,125-0,125

m _HCl=9,125 g=>n _HCl=\(\dfrac{9,125}{26,5}\)=0,25 mol

=>m Fe=0,125.56=7g

=>V_H2=0,125.22,4=2,8l

=>C%_FeCl2=\(\dfrac{0,125.127}{7+182,5-0,25}\).100=8,388%

\(a,Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3mol\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3mol\\ m_{Zn}=0,3.65=19,5g\\ c,C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,05}=6M\\ d,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8g\)

\(a/ CO_2+2NaOH \to Na_2CO_3+H_2O\\ n_{CO_2}=0,1(mol)\\ b/\\ n_{NaOH}=0,1.2=0,2(mol)\\ CM_{NaOH}=\frac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\\ c/\\ n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1(mol)\\ m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1.106==10,6(g)$\)

\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

a) Pt : \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O|\)

             1              2                 1             1

            0,1          0,2              0,1

b) \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

200ml = 0,2l

\(C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)

c) \(n_{Na2CO3}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Na2CO3}=0,1.106=10,6\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

\(a) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2\\ b) n_{HCl} = \dfrac{182,5.5\%}{36,5} = 0,25(mol)\\ n_{FeCl_2} = n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,125(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe} = 0,125.56 = 7(gam) ; V = 0,125.22,4 = 2,8(lít)\\ c) m_{dd\ sau\ phản\ ứng} = m_{Fe} + m_{dd\ HCl} - m_{H_2} = 7 + 182,5 - 0,125.2 = 189,25(gam)\\ C\%_{FeCl_2} = \dfrac{0,125.127}{189,25}.100\% = 8,39\%\)

$n_{Ca(OH)_2} = \dfrac{185.20\%}{74} = 0,5(mol)$

$n_{CaCO_3} = 0,3(mol)$

TH1 : Ca(OH)₂ dư

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O

0,3..............0,3.........0,3........................(mol)

V = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 lít

$m_{dd} = 0,3.44 + 185 - 30 = 168,2(gam)$

$C\%_{Ca(OH)_2\ dư} = \dfrac{(0,5 - 0,3).74}{168,2}.100\% = 8,8\%$

TH2 : Có tạo muối axit

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O

0,3..............0,3.........0,3........................(mol)

Ca(OH)₂ + 2CO₂ → Ca(HCO₃)₂

0,2.............0,4...............0,2.........................(mol)

V = (0,3 + 0,4).22,4 = 15,68 lít

$m_{dd} = 0,7.44 + 185 - 30 = 185,8(gam)$

$C\%_{Ca(HCO_3)_2} = \dfrac{0,2.162}{185,8}.100\% = 17,4\%$

Theo gt ta có: $n_{Ca(OH)_2}=\frac{92}{185}(mol)$

+, Xét trường hợp 1: Chỉ tạo muối $CaCO_3$

$\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,3(mol)\Rightarrow V=6,72(l)$

Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: $m_{dd}=167,2(g)$

$\Rightarrow \%C_{Ca(OH)_2}=8,73\%$

+, Xét trường hợp 2: Tạo 2 muối

Bảo toàn Ca ta có: $n_{Ca(HCO_3)_2}=\frac{73}{370}(mol)$

Bảo toàn C ta có: $n_{CO_2}=\frac{257}{370}(mol)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=15,56(l)$

$\Rightarrow \%m_{Ca(HCO_3)_2}=17,3\%$

\(n_K=\dfrac{5,85}{39}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2K + 2H₂O --> 2KOH + H₂

_____0,15------------->0,15-->0,075

=> V_H2 = 0,075.22,4  =1,68(l)

mdd = 5,85 + 100 - 0,075.2 = 105,7(g)

=> \(C\%=\dfrac{0,15.56}{105,7}.100\%=7,95\%\)

a) $CuSO_4 + 2NaOH \to Cu(OH)_2 + Na_2SO_4$
b) Theo PTHH : $n_{Cu(OH)_2} = n_{CuSO_4} = \dfrac{64}{160} = 0,4(mol)$

$m_{Cu(OH)_2} = 0,4.98 = 39,2(gam)$

c) $n_{NaOH} = 2n_{CuSO_4} = 0,8(mol)$
$C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,8}{0,4} = 2M$