7 x 3 = 21    7 x 6 = 42    7 x 5 = 35    7 x 4 = 28

21 : 7 = 3    42 : 7 = 6    35 : 7 = 5    28 : 7 = 4

21 : 3 = 7    42 : 6 = 7    35 : 5 = 7    28 : 4 = 7

7 × 3 = 21      7 × 6 = 42   7 × 5 = 35.     7 × 4 = 28

21 : 7 = 3.     42 : 7 = 6.   35 : 7 = 5.     28 : 7 = 4

21 : 3 = 7.    42 : 6 = 7.   35 : 5 = 7.    28 : 4 = 7

Học sinh nhẩm và ghi kết quả như sau:

35 : 5 = 7

28 : 7 = 4

24 : 6 = 4

21 : 3 = 7

35 : 7 = 5

28 : 4 = 7

24 : 4 = 6

21 : 7 = 3

35 : 5 = 7

28 : 7 = 4

24 : 6 = 4

21 : 3 = 7

35 : 7 = 5

28 : 4 = 7

24 : 4 = 6

21 : 7 = 3

\(\dfrac{26}{81}+\dfrac{4}{27}=\dfrac{26+12}{81}=\dfrac{38}{81}\)

\(\dfrac{5}{64}+\dfrac{7}{8}=\dfrac{5+56}{64}=\dfrac{61}{64}\)

\(\dfrac{26}{81}+\dfrac{4}{27}=\dfrac{26}{81}+\dfrac{4\times3}{27\times3}=\dfrac{26}{81}+\dfrac{12}{81}=\dfrac{38}{81}\)

\(\dfrac{5}{64}+\dfrac{7}{8}=\dfrac{5}{64}+\dfrac{7\times8}{8\times8}=\dfrac{5}{64}+\dfrac{56}{64}=\dfrac{61}{64}\)

a) \(\dfrac{7}{-25}+\dfrac{8}{25}=\dfrac{-7}{25}+\dfrac{8}{25}=\dfrac{1}{25}\)

\(\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{4}{-18}=\dfrac{4}{5+\left(-18\right)}=\dfrac{4}{-13}=\dfrac{-4}{13}\)

\(\dfrac{7}{21}+\dfrac{9}{-36}=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{-4}=\dfrac{1}{3+\left(-4\right)}=\dfrac{1}{-1}=1\)

b) \(\dfrac{12}{20}-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{12}{20}+\left(\dfrac{-2}{5}\right)=\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{-2}{5}=\dfrac{3+\left(-2\right)}{5}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{-5}{6}=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{4}{6}+\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{9}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(6-\dfrac{3}{20}=6+\dfrac{-3}{20}=\dfrac{60}{60}+\dfrac{-9}{60}=\dfrac{51}{60}\)

c) \(\dfrac{2}{21}.\dfrac{-7}{3}=\dfrac{2.\left(-1\right)}{7.3}=\dfrac{-2}{21}\)

\(\dfrac{27}{28}.\left(-21\right)=\dfrac{27.\left(-21\right)}{28}=\dfrac{-567}{28}\)

\(\dfrac{-15}{7}.\dfrac{-14}{25}=\dfrac{-3.\left(-2\right)}{1.5}=\dfrac{6}{5}\)

A)  7/38 x 9/11 +7/38 x 4/11 -7/38 x 2/11

=7/38.(9/11+4/11-2/11)

=7/38

B) 5/31 x 21/25 + 5/31 x -7/10 - 5/31 x 9/20

=5/31.(21/25-7/10-9/20)

=5/31.(-31/100)

=-1/20

1: \(=\dfrac{272-168+186}{30}\cdot\dfrac{7}{9}=\dfrac{29}{3}\cdot\dfrac{7}{9}=\dfrac{203}{27}\)

2: \(=\dfrac{9-55}{33}\cdot\dfrac{6-5}{8}-\dfrac{4}{5}\cdot\dfrac{1}{24}=\dfrac{-4}{3}\cdot\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{30}=\dfrac{-1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{30}=\dfrac{-6}{30}=-\dfrac{1}{5}\)

3: \(=\dfrac{7}{3}\left(\dfrac{6}{25}+\dfrac{19}{25}\right)=\dfrac{7}{3}\cdot1=\dfrac{7}{3}\)

\(\dfrac{4}{x}=\dfrac{y}{21}=\dfrac{28}{49}=\dfrac{28:7}{49:7}=\dfrac{4}{9}\\ Vậy:x=\dfrac{4.9}{4}=9\\ y=\dfrac{4.21}{9}=\dfrac{28}{3}\)

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{3}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow x.y=2.3=6\\ Vậy:\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;6\right)=\left(6;1\right)\\\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;3\right)=\left(3;2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(3,\\ \dfrac{42}{54}=\dfrac{42:6}{54:6}=\dfrac{7}{9}\\ \dfrac{42}{54}=\dfrac{7}{x}=\dfrac{7}{9}\\ Vậy:x=\dfrac{7.9}{7}=9\)