`A=(9(x-2)+18)/(2-x)+2/x`

`=-9+18/(2-x)+2/x`

`=-9+2(9/(2-x)+1/x)`

Áp dụng bđt cosi-schwarts ta có:

`9/(2-x)+1/x>=(3+1)^2/(2-x+x)=8`

`=>A>=16-9=7`

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `3/(2-x)=1/x`

`<=>3x=2-x`

`<=>4x=2<=>x=1/2(tm)`

b

`y=x/(1-x)+5/x`

`=(x-1+1)/(1-x)+5/x`

`=1/(1-x)+5/x-1`

Áp dụng cosi-schwarts ta có:

`1/(1-x)+5/x>=(1+sqrt5)^2/(1-x+x)=(1+sqrt5)^2=6+2sqrt5`

`=>y>=5+2sqrt5`

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `1/(1-x)=sqrt5/x`

`<=>x=sqrt5-sqrt5x`

`<=>x(1+sqrt5)=sqrt5`

`<=>x=sqrt5/(sqrt5+1)=(sqrt5(sqrt5-1))/(5-1)=(5-sqrt5)/4`

`c)C=2/(1-x)+1/x`

Áp dụng bđt cosi schwarts ta có:

`C>=(sqrt2+1)^2/(1-x+x)=3+2sqrt2`

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `sqrt2/(1-x)=1/x`

`<=>sqrt2x=1-x`

`<=>x(sqrt2+1)=1`

`<=>x=1/(sqrt2+1)=(sqrt2-1)/(2-1)=sqrt2-1`

b, Ta có : \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4};\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{24}\)

Đặt \(x=15k;y=20k;z=24k\)

Thay vào A ta được : \(A=\dfrac{30k+60k+96k}{45k+80k+120k}=\dfrac{186k}{245k}=\dfrac{186}{245}\)

lk

a, \(\dfrac{x}{7}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{y}{y+1}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-7}{14}=\dfrac{y}{y+1}\Rightarrow\left(2x-7\right)\left(y+1\right)=14y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2xy+2x-7y-7=14y\Leftrightarrow2xy+2x-21y-7=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(y+1\right)-21\left(y+1\right)+14=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-21\right)\left(y+1\right)=-14\)

\(\Rightarrow2x-21;y+1\inƯ\left(-14\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm7;\pm14\right\}\)

1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có

 \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)

\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)

Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được

\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)

2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)

Dấu"=" khi a = 4b

nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)

Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được

\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)

nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)

khi đó a + b = 1

mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(1,Q=\dfrac{a^4-2a^2+a^3-2a+a^2-2}{a^4-2a^2+2a^3-4a+a^2-2}\\ Q=\dfrac{\left(a^2-2\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}{\left(a^2-2\right)\left(a^2+2a+1\right)}=\dfrac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+2a+1}\)

\(Q=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}-\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{x^2+x+1-\dfrac{3}{4}x^2-\dfrac{3}{2}x-\dfrac{3}{4}}{\left(x+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{3}{4}\\ Q=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{4}}{\left(x+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x-1\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\\ Q_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(2,\text{Từ GT }\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ayz+bxz+czy}{xyz}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+czy=0\\ \text{Ta có }\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}+\dfrac{zx}{ca}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\cdot\dfrac{cxy+ayz+bzx}{abc}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\cdot\dfrac{0}{abc}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=1\)

\(A=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{4xy}+4xy+\dfrac{5}{4xy}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4xy}.4xy}+\dfrac{5}{4.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{4}{1^2}+2+\dfrac{5}{1^2}\) (do \(x+y\le1\))

\(=11\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy GTNN của A là 11.

Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y+2}+\dfrac{1}{z+3}\ge\dfrac{9}{x+y+z+6}\), do đó:

\(\dfrac{9}{x+y+z+6}\le1\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge3\)

Đặt \(x+y+z=t\left(t\ge3\right)\). Khi đó \(P=t+\dfrac{1}{t}\)

\(P=\dfrac{t}{9}+\dfrac{1}{t}+\dfrac{8}{9}t\)

\(\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{t}{9}.\dfrac{1}{t}}+\dfrac{8}{9}.3\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{24}{9}\)

\(=\dfrac{10}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t=x+y+z=3\\x+1=y+2=z+3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(2,1,0\right)\)

Vậy \(min_P=\dfrac{10}{3}\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(2,1,0\right)\)

A>=1/(1+xy)=1/2

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=1