1)

a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{15,3}{102}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Al₂O₃ + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂O

Mol:     0,15         0,9        0,3      

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,9.36,5.100}{20}=164,25\left(g\right)\)

b, m_{dd sau pứ} = 15,3 + 164,25 = 179,55 (g)

c, \(C\%_{ddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,3.133,5.100\%}{179,55}=22,31\%\)

2)

a, \(m_{HCl}=54,75.20\%=10,95\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Al₂O₃  + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂O

Mol:      0,05        0,3          0,1

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,05.102=5,1\left(g\right)\)

b, m_{dd sau pứ} = 5,1 + 54,75 = 59,85 (g) 

\(C\%_{ddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5.100\%}{59,85}=22,31\%\)

nFe2O3= 4,8/160= 0,03(mol)

nH2SO4= (300.9,8%)/98= 0,3(mol)

PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3 H2SO4 -> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3 H2O

Ta có: 0,03/1 < 0,3/3

=> H2SO4 dư, Fe2O3 hết.

- Chất tan trong dd thu được có Fe2(SO4)3 và H2SO4(dư)

nFe2(SO4)3= nFe2O3=0,03(mol)

=>mFe2(SO4)3= 400.0,03= 12(g)

nH2SO4(dư)= 0,3 - 0,03.3= 0,21(mol)

=>mH2SO4(dư)= 0,21. 98=20,58(g)

mddsau= mFe2O3+ mddH2SO4= 4,8+300=304,8(g)

=>C%ddFe2(SO4)3= (12/304,8).100=3,937%

C%ddH2SO4(dư)= (20,58/304,8).100=6,752%

nAl2O3= 10,2/102= 0,1(mol)

a) PTHH: Al2O3 + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2O

0,1_______0,6_______0,2_________0,3(mol)

mHCl=0,6.36,5= 21,9(g)

=>mddHCl= (21,9.100)/7,3=300(g)

b) mddsau= mAl2O3 + mddHCl= 10,2+300=310,2(g)

c) mAlCl3= 133,5.0,2=26,7(g)

=>C%ddAlCl3= (26,7/310,2).100=8,607%

bài 1

\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{C\%.m_{dd}}{100}=\dfrac{10.147}{100}=14,7\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{14,7}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)

TPƯ:   0,2          0,15

PƯ:     0,15         0,15       0,15           0,15

SPƯ:   0,05          0          0,15            0,15

a) \(m_{MgSO_4}=n.M=0,15.120=18\left(g\right)\)

b) theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng

\(m_{ddspu}=m_{MgO}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}\)=8+147=155(g)

\(C\%_{MgO}=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}.100=\dfrac{8}{155}.100=5,2\%\)

\(C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{18}{155}.100=11,6\%\)

bài 2

\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{20,25}{81}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{C\%.m_{dd}}{100}=\dfrac{20.73}{100}14,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)

TPU:    0,25       0,4

PU:        0,2        0,4        0,2          0,2

SPU:      0,05      0           0,2           0,2

a)\(m_{ZnCl_2}=n.M=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)

b)theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng 

\(m_{ddspu}=m_{ZnO}+m_{ddHCl}\)=20,25+73=93,25(g)

\(m_{ZnOdu}=n.M=0,05.81=4,05\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{ZnOdu}=\dfrac{4,05.100}{93,25}=4,3\%\)

\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{27,2.100}{93,25}=29,2\%\)

a. PTHH: Fe₂O₃ + 6HCl ---> 2FeCl₃ + 3H₂O

Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{146}.100\%=20\%\)

=> m_HCl = 29,2(g)

=> n_HCl = \(\dfrac{29,2}{35,5}\approx0,8\left(mol\right)\)

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,8}{6}\)

Vậy HCl dư

Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_3}=2.n_{Fe_2O_3}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{ct_{FeCl_3}}=0,2.162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\)

b. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{FeCl_3}}=16+146=162\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{32,5}{162}.100\%=20,06\%\)

Giúp mình với mn ơi 😭

a) Al₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

b) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Al₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

                0,1---->0,3------->0,1

=> m = 0,1.342 = 34,2 (g)

c) \(C\%_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{120}.100\%=24,5\%\)

Al2O3+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2O

0,1------0,3------0,1-------------------0,3

n Al2O3=0,1 mol

m Al2(SO4)3=0,1.342=34,2g

C%=\(\dfrac{0,3.98}{120}100=24,5\%\)

\(a.Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2 O\\ b.n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{H_2SO_4}=3n_{Al_2O_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{120}.100=24,5\%\)

nMgO=4,8/40=0,12(mol)

nHCl= (7,3%.300)/36,5= 0,6(mol)

PTHH: MgO + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O

Ta có: 0,6/2 > 0,12/1

-> MgO hết, HCl dư , tisnhh theo nMgO

=> Chất tan trong dd thu được có: MgCl2 và HCl(dư)

nMgCl2=nMgO=0,12(mol)

=> mMgCl2= 95.0,12=11,4(g)

nHCl(dư)= 0,6 -0,12.2=0,36(mol)

=>mHCl(dư)=0,36.36,5=13,14(g)

mddsau= mMgO + mddHCl= 4,8+300= 304,8(g)

=>C%ddMgCl2= (11,4/304,8).100=3,74%

C%ddHCl(dư)= (13,14/304,8).100=4,311%

PTHH: \(Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+2FeCl_3+4H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{300\cdot3,65\%}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{8}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe₃O₄ còn dư, HCl p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0625\cdot232=14,5\left(g\right)\\m_{muối}=0,0375\cdot127+0,075\cdot162,5=16,95\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

nFe3O4= 23,2/232=0,1(mol); nHCl = (300.3,65%)/36,5= 0,3(mol)

a) PTHH: Fe3O4 + 8 HCl -> 2 FeCl3 + FeCl2 + 4 H2O

b) Ta có: 0,3/8 < 0,1/1

=> Fe3O4 dư, HCl hết, tính theo nHCl.

=> nFe3O4(p.ứ)= nFeCl2= nHCl/8=0,3/8= 0,0375(mol)

=> mFe3O4(dư)= (0,1- 0,0375).232=14,5(g)

c) nFeCl3= 2/8. 0,3= 0,075(mol)

=> mFeCl3= 0,075.162,5=12,1875(g)

mFeCl2= 0,0375. 127=4,7625(g)

=>m(muối)= 12,1875+ 4,7625= 16,95(g)