: a) CaCO3, CaO, CaC2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, CO2, CO

=> CaCO3-->CaO+CO2

CaO+C-->CaC2+CO

CaC2+H2O-->Ca(OH)2+C2H2

C2H2+H2-->C2H4

C2H4+H2-->C2H6

C2H6+O2-->CO2+H2O

CO2+C-->CO

C)Al+Cl2-->AlCl3

AlCl3+NaoH-->Al(OH)3+NaCl

Al(OH)3-->Al2O3+H2O

Al2o3+C-->Al4C3+CO

Al4C3+H2O-->Al(OH)3+CH4

CH4+H2-->C2H2

a) CaCO3--to-->CaO+CO2

CaO+2C--->CaC+CO

2CaC+2H2O--->Ca(OH)2+C2H2

C2H2+H2--to->C2H4

C2H4+H2--->C2H6

C2H6+7/2O2-->2CO2+3H2O

CO2+C---to->2CO

b) C2H6+Cl2-->C2H5Cl+HCl

C2H5Cl-->C2H4+HCl

C2H4+Br2--->C2H4Br2

C2H4Br+2NaOH-->C2H4(OH)2+2NaBr

c) 2Al+6HCl-->AlCl3+3H2

AlCl3+3NaOH-->Al(OH)3+3NaCl

2Al(OH)3-->Al2O3+3H2O

2Al2O3+9C--->Al4C3+6CO

Al4C3+12H2O--->3CH4+4Al(OH)3

2CH4-->C2H2+3H2

3C2H2-->C6H6

C6H6+CH3Cl--->C6H5CH3+HCl

C6H5CH3+2KMnO4--->H2O+KOH+2MnO2+C6H5COOK

: a) CaCO3, CaO, CaC2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, CO2, CO

=> CaCO3-->CaO+CO2

CaO+C-->CaC2+CO

CaC2+H2O-->Ca(OH)2+C2H2

C2H2+H2-->C2H4

C2H4+H2-->C2H6

C2H6+O2-->CO2+H2O

CO2+C-->CO

C)Al+Cl2-->AlCl3

AlCl3+NaoH-->Al(OH)3+NaCl

Al(OH)3-->Al2O3+H2O

Al2o3+C-->Al4C3+CO

Al4C3+H2O-->Al(OH)3+CH4

CH4+H2-->C2H2

CH3COONa + NaOH---CaO,\(t^o\)---> CH4 + Na2CO3

2CH4 --t\(^o=1500^oC,\)làm lạnh nhanh--> C2H2 + 3H2

C2H2 + H2 --\(t^o,xt,Pd\)--> C2H4

C2H4 + H2O --\(t^o,H2SO4\)--> C2H5OH

3C2H5OH + 3C6H6O -> 4C6H6 + 6H2O

C6H6 + HNO3 --\(t^o,H2SO4\)--> C6H5NO2 + H2O

 CTCT:

C2H2: \(CH\equiv CH\)  -> Có phản ứng công

\(CH\equiv CH+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)

C2H4: \(CH_2=CH_2\) -> Có p.ứ cộng

\(CH_2=CH_2+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)

CH4 : 

-> Không có p.ứ cộng

C2H6: \(CH_3-CH_3\) -> Không có p.ứ cộng.

C3H4: \(CH\equiv C-CH_3\) -> Có p.ứ cộng

\(CH\equiv C-CH_3+2Br_2\rightarrow CHBr_2-CBr_2-CH_3\)

C2H2 + 2Br2 -> C2H2Br4

C2H4 + Br2 -> C2H4Br2

C3H4 + 2Br2 -> C3H4Br4

Hóa hữu cơ khối 11 Tài liệu lưu hành nội bộ Biên soạn Cao Mạnh Hùng by Dạy Kèm Quy Nhơn Official - issuu bạn xem qua

Câu 1:

\(2CH_4\underrightarrow{^{1500^oC,lln}}C_2H_2+3H_2\)

\(2CH\equiv CH\underrightarrow{t^o,xt}CH_2=CH-C\equiv CH\)

\(CH_2=CH-C\equiv CH+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}CH_2=CH-CH=CH_2\)

\(nCH_2=CH-CH=CH_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o,p,xt}}\left(-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-\right)_n\)

Câu 2:

\(CH_3COONa+NaOH\underrightarrow{^{t^o,CaO}}CH_4+Na_2CO_3\)

\(2CH_4\underrightarrow{^{1500^oC,lln}}C_2H_2+3H_2\)

\(C_2H_2+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,Pd}C_2H_4\)

\(C_2H_4+H_2O\underrightarrow{t^o,xt}C_2H_5OH\)

\(C_2H_4+H_2O\underrightarrow{H^+,t^o}C_2H_5OH\)

\(C_2H_5OH+O_2\underrightarrow{men.giấm}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)

\(CH_3COOH+C_2H_5OH\underrightarrow{H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)},t^o}CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\)

\(CH_3COOC_2H_5+NaOH\underrightarrow{t^o}CH_3COONa+C_2H_5OH\)

 C₂H₄ → C₂H₅OH → CH₃COOH → CH₃COOC₂H₅ → C₂H₅OH

(1)   C₂H₄ + H₂O \(\underrightarrow{axit}\) C₂H₅OH

(2)  C₂H₅OH  + O₂  \(\xrightarrow[25^0-30^0C]{mengiam}\) CH₃COOH + H₂O

(3)   CH₃COOH + C₂H₅OH → CH₃COOC₂H₅ + H₂O

(4) CH₃COOC₂H₅ + NaOH \(\underrightarrow{t^0}\) CH₃COONa + C₂H₅OH

\(C_2H_4+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}C_2H_6\)

\(C_2H_6+Cl_2\underrightarrow{as}C_2H_5Cl+HCl\)

\(C_2H_5Cl+NaOH\rightarrow C_2H_5OH+NaCl\)

\(C_2H_5OH+O_2\underrightarrow{^{mengiam}}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)

\(CH_3COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\)

\(CH_3COONa+NaOH\underrightarrow{CaO,t^o}CH_4+Na_2CO_3\)