Ta có: \(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+d}+\frac{d}{d+a}\)

\(>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)

\(=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\)

Tương tự ta cũng chứng minh được \(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{d}{c+d}+\frac{a}{d+a}>1\)

mà \(\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+d}+\frac{d}{d+a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{d}{c+d}+\frac{a}{d+a}\right)\)

\(=\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+d}{c+d}+\frac{d+a}{d+a}=4\)

\(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+d}+\frac{d}{d+a}\)là số nguyên 

do đó \(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+d}+\frac{d}{d+a}=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{a}{a+b}-\frac{b}{b+c}+1-\frac{c}{c+d}-\frac{d}{d+a}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{a+b}-\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{d}{c+d}-\frac{d}{d+a}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{d\left(a-c\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow b\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)-d\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)(vì \(a\ne c\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-d\right)\left(ac-bd\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ac=bd\)(vì \(b\ne d\))

Khi đó \(abcd=ac.ac=\left(ac\right)^2\)là số chính phương. 

Theo đề ta có :

\(\frac{b}{a-c}=\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{a}{b}\)

* Đầu tiên, ta xét

* \(\frac{b}{a-c}=\frac{a}{b}\):

\(\Rightarrow b^2=a\left(a-c\right)\) \(=a^2-ac\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2-b^2=ac\)(1)

* Xét  \(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{a}{b}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)b=ac\)

. Từ (1) ta thay \(ac=a^2-b^2\):

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(a+b\right)b=a^2-b^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)b=\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow b=a-b\Rightarrow a=b+b=2b\)(2)

* Xét \(\frac{b}{a-c}=\frac{a+b}{c}\):

\(\Rightarrow bc=\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)(với a = 2b)

\(\Rightarrow bc=\left(2b-c\right)\left(2b+b\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow bc=\left(2b-c\right).3b\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{bc}{b}=\frac{\left(2b-c\right).3b}{b}\)

\(\Rightarrow c=\left(2b-c\right).3\)

\(\Rightarrow c=6b-3c\)

\(\Rightarrow6b=c+3c=4c\)(3)

Từ (2) và  (3) \(\Rightarrow\)ta có :

\(a=2b\) và \(6b=4c\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{8}=\frac{b}{4}\)và \(\frac{b}{4}=\frac{c}{6}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{8}=\frac{b}{4}=\frac{c}{6}\)(đpcm)

\(\frac{b}{a-c}=\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b+\left(a+b\right)+a}{a-c+c+b}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=2\Leftrightarrow a=2b;\frac{a+b}{c}=2\Leftrightarrow a+b=2c\Leftrightarrow2b+b=2c\Leftrightarrow3b=2c\)

Ta có: \(\frac{a}{8}=\frac{2b}{8}=\frac{b}{4};\frac{c}{6}=\frac{2c}{12}=\frac{3b}{12}=\frac{b}{4}\)

=> \(\frac{a}{8}=\frac{b}{4}=\frac{c}{6}\)

Dat \(\hept{\begin{cases}A=\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{c+a}{b}+\frac{a+b}{c}\\B=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\end{cases}}\)

Ta co:\(A=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\ge2+2+2=6\left(1\right)\)

\(B=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}+\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}-3\)

\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)-3\ge\left(a+b+c\right).\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}-3=\frac{3}{2}\left(2\right)\)

Cong ve voi ve cua (1) va (2) ta duoc:

\(P=A+B\ge6+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{15}{2}\)

Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Chứng minh ĐBT:\(\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\ge2\left(a,b\ne0\right)\)(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\))

Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\left(đpcm\right)\)

Vậy \(\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a}{b+c}\ge2\)

\(\frac{a+c}{b}+\frac{b}{c+a}\ge2\)

\(\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{c}{b+a}\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge6\)

Vậy \(P_{min}=6\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b+c\\b=a+c\\c=a+b\end{cases}}\)

dấu = ko xảy ra => tất cả sai:)

ta có:

\(M+4=\left(\frac{a-d}{d+b}+1\right)+\left(\frac{d-b}{b+c}+1\right)+\left(\frac{b-c}{c+a}+1\right)+\left(\frac{c-a}{d+a}+1\right)\)

\(=\frac{a+b}{b+d}+\frac{c+d}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{c+a}+\frac{c+d}{d+a}\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+d}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)+\left(c+d\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{d+a}\right)\ge\left(a+b\right).\frac{4}{a+b+c+d}+\left(c+d\right).\frac{4}{a+b+c+d}\)

\(=\frac{4\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow M+4\ge4\Rightarrow M\ge0\)

vậy min M=0 khi a=b=c=d

Giả sử:

\(a>b>c\Rightarrow a-b>0,b-c>0,a-c>0\)

Ta có:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+b^2+c^2\ge a^2+c^2\\\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{8}{\left(a-c\right)^2}\end{cases}}\)

Từ đây ta có:

\(VT\ge\left(a^2+c^2\right).\frac{9}{\left(c-a\right)^2}\)

Ta chứng minh

\(\left(a^2+c^2\right).\frac{9}{\left(c-a\right)^2}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+c\right)^2\ge0\)(Đúng)

Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh là đúng. Dấu = xảy ra khi a = - c; b = 0 và các hoán vị của nó

áp dụng BĐT cosi với các số a,b,c >0 thì a/b+b/a>=2

b/c+c/b>=2

a/c+c/a>=2

vậy B min =8 khi a=b=c

Bài 1: diendantoanhoc.net

Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\) BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành

\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3zx+2yz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3xy+2xz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3yz+2xy}}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt{5}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{5x}\cdot\sqrt{3y+2z}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{5y}\cdot\sqrt{3z+2x}}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)

Theo BĐT AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}\ge2\)\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(\frac{x}{3x+2y+5z}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x\left(3x+2y+5z\right)+y\left(5x+3y+2z\right)+z\left(2x+5y+3z\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+7\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{5\left[x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]}=\frac{3}{5}\)

Bổ sung bài 1:

BĐT được chứng minh

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c