\(CaCO_3\\ \%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{40}{40+12+3.16}.100=40\%\\ \%m_C=\dfrac{12}{40+12+16.3}.100=12\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_O=100\%-\left(40\%+12\%\right)=48\%\\ H_2SO_4\\ \%m_H=\dfrac{2.1}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx2,041\%\\ \%m_S=\dfrac{32}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx32,653\%\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{4.16}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx65,306\%\\ Fe_2O_3\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{56.2}{56.2+16.3}.100=70\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_O=100\%-70\%=30\%\)

CaCO₃
\(\%M_{\dfrac{Ca}{CaCO_3}}=\dfrac{40}{100}.100\%=40\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{C}{CaCO_3}}=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{CaCO_3}}=100\%-\left(40\%+12\%\right)=48\%\)
H₂SO₄
\(\%M_{\dfrac{H_2}{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{2}{98}.100\%=2,04\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{S}{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{32}{98}.100\%=32,65\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{H_2SO_4}}=100\%-\left(2,04\%+32,65\%\right)=65,31\%\)
Fe₂O3
\(\%M_{\dfrac{Fe}{Fe_2O_3}}=\dfrac{112}{160}.100\%=70\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{Fe_2O_3}}=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
 

`@` `\text {MgO}`

\(\text{PTK = 24 + 16 = 40 < amu>}\)

\(\%\text{O}=\dfrac{16\cdot100}{40}=40\%\)

Vậy, khối lượng `%` của `\text {O}` trong `\text {MgO}` là `40%`

`@` `\text {Fe}_2 \text {O}_3`

\(\text{PTK = }56\cdot2+16\cdot3=160\text{ }< \text{amu}\text{ }>\)

\(\%\text{Fe}=\dfrac{56\cdot2\cdot100}{160}=70\%\)

Vậy, khối lượng `%` của `\text {Fe}` trong `\text {Fe}_2 \text {O}_3` là `70%`

`a,` \(K.L.P.T_{Fe_2O_3}=56.2+16.3=160< amu>.\) 

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{56.2.100}{160}=70\%\)

\(\%O=100\%-70\%=30\%\)

`b,`\(K.L.P.T_{CaCO_3}=40+12+16.3=100< amu>.\)

\(\%Ca=\dfrac{40.100}{100}=40\%\)

\(\%C=\dfrac{12.100}{100}=12\%\) 

\(\%O=100\%-40\%-12\%=48\%\)

`c,` \(K.L.P.T_{HCl}=1+35,5=36,5< amu>.\)

\(\%H=\dfrac{1.100}{36,5}\approx2,74\%\)

\(\%Cl=100\%-2,74\%=97,26\%\)

a: \(\%Fe=\dfrac{56\cdot2}{56\cdot2+16\cdot3}=70\%\)

=>%O=30%

b: \(\%Ca=\dfrac{40}{40+12+16\cdot3}=40\%\)

\(\%C=\dfrac{12}{100}=12\%\)

%O=100%-12%-40%=48%

c: %H=1/36,5=2,74%

=>%Cl=97,26%

\(\%_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{146}.100\%=16,4\%\)

\(\%_H=\dfrac{1.2}{146}.100\%=1,4\%\)

\(\%_C=\dfrac{12.2}{146}.100\%=16,4\%\)

\(\%_O=100\%-16,4\%-1,4\%-16,4\%=65,8\%\)

Bài 1:

\(1,M_{MgCO_3}=84(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{84}.100\%=28,57\%\\ \%_{C}=\dfrac{12}{84}.100\%=14,29\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-28,57\%-14,29\%=57,14\% \end{cases}\)

\(2,M_{Al(OH)_3}=78(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Al}=\dfrac{27}{78}.100\%=31,62\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{3}{78}.100\%=3,85\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-31,62\%-3,85\%=64,53\% \end{cases}\)

\(3,M_{(NH_4)_2HPO_4}=132(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{N}=\dfrac{28}{132}.100\%=21,21\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{9}{132}.100\%=6,82\%\\ \%_{P}=\dfrac{31}{132}.100\%=23,48\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-23,48\%-6,82\%-21,21\%48,49\% \end{cases}\)

\(4,M_{C_2H_5COOCH_3}=88(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{C}=\dfrac{48}{88}.100\%=54,55\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{8}{88}.100\%=9,09\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-9,09\%-54,55\%=36,36\% \end{cases}\)

Bài 2:

\(c,\%_{Al(AlCl_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+35,5.3}.100\%=20,22\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2O_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+16.3}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%_{Al(AlBr_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+80.3}.100\%=10,11\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2S_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+32.3}.100\%=36\%\)

Vậy \(Al_2O_3\) có \(\%Al\) cao nhất và \(AlBr_3\) có \(\%Al\) nhỏ nhất

Bài 2:

\(a,\%_{Fe(FeO)}=\dfrac{56}{56+16}.100\%=77,78\%\\ \%_{Fe(Fe_2O_3)}=\dfrac{56.2}{56.2+16.3}.100\%=70\%\\ \%_{Fe(FeS)}=\dfrac{56}{56+32}.100\%=63,64\%\\ \%_{Fe(FeS_2)}=\dfrac{56}{56+32.2}=46,67\%\)

Vậy \(FeO\) có \(\%Fe\) lớn nhất và \(FeS_2\) có \(\%Fe\) thấp nhất

\(b,\%_{O(NO_2)}=\dfrac{16}{16.2+14}.100\%=69,57\%\\ \%_{O(NO)}=\dfrac{16}{16+14}.100\%=53,33\%\\ \%_{O(N_2O)}=\dfrac{16}{14.2+16}.100\%=36,36\%\\ \%_{O(N_2O_3)}=\dfrac{16.3}{14.2+16.3}.100\%=63,16\%\)

Vậy \(NO_2\) có \(\%O\) lớn nhất và \(N_2O\) có \(\%O\) nhỏ nhất

\(NaNO_3\\ \%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx27,059\%\\ \%m_N=\dfrac{14}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx16,471\%\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{3.16}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx56,471\%\)

Em tương tự làm cho các chất còn lại!