Chứng tỏ:
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{11^2}< \frac{10}{11}\)
Chứng tỏ rằng
a)\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+......+\frac{1}{99^2}+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{3}{4}\)
b)\(4+2^2+2^3+2^4+.....+2^{10}=2^{11}.\)
chứng tỏ rằng :
a) \(1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}-...-\frac{1}{2^{10}}>\frac{1}{2^{11}}\)
b) \(1-\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{4^2}-...-\frac{1}{100^2}>\frac{1}{100}\)
a) Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{10}}\)=> \(2.A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^9}\)
=> \(2.A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^9}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^9}+\frac{1}{2^{10}}\right)\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2^{10}}\)=> \(1-A=1-\left(1-\frac{1}{2^{10}}\right)=\frac{1}{2^{10}}>\frac{1}{2^{11}}\)=> đpcm
b) Đặt B = \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{2^2}
Chứng tỏ: \(\frac{1}{2^2}\) +\(\frac{1}{3^2}\) +\(\frac{1}{4^2}\) +....+\(\frac{1}{11^2}\) <\(\frac{10}{11}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2};\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2\cdot3};\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3\cdot4};...;\frac{1}{11^2}< \frac{1}{10\cdot11}\)
\(=>\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{11^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\frac{1}{10\cdot11}\)
\(=>\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{11^2}< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{10}-\frac{1}{11}\)
\(=>\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{11^2}< 1-\frac{1}{11}=\frac{10}{11}\)(đpcm)
Nếu bạn chưa hiểu thì bạn hỏi lại mình nhé! Chúc bạn học tốt!
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{11^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{10.11}\)
\(\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{10.11}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{10}-\frac{1}{11}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{11}=\frac{9}{22}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{11^2}< \frac{9}{22}< \frac{10}{11}\) nên \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{11^2}< \frac{10}{11}\)
Chứng tỏ rằng:
1)1-\(\frac{1}{2}\)-\(\frac{1}{2^2}\)-\(\frac{1}{2^3}\)-\(\frac{1}{2^4}\)-...-\(\frac{1}{2^{10}}\)>\(\frac{1}{2^{11}}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}-...-\frac{1}{2^{10}}\)
\(=1-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{10}}\right)\)(1)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{10}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2^9}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2^9}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{10}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1-\frac{1}{2^{10}}\)
Thay A vào (1)
\(\Rightarrow1-\left(1-\frac{1}{2^{10}}\right)\)
\(=1-1+\frac{1}{2^{10}}=\frac{1}{2^{10}}\)
Ta có: 210 < 211
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^{10}}>\frac{1}{2^{11}}\)(đpcm)
11.Chứng tỏ :
\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+.................+\frac{1}{9}<2\)
Chứng tỏ rằng:
\(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{25}+....+\frac{1}{10^2+11^2}<\frac{9}{20}\)
Chứng tỏ:
\(N=\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+.......+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{3}{4}\)
Bài nâng cao:
Cho \(A=\frac{n+1}{n-2}\)
a) Tìm n để \(A\)là phân số
b) Tìm \(n\in Z\)để \(A\)là số nguyên
So sánh:
\(P=\frac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}\)và \(Q=\frac{10^{10}+1}{10^{11}+1}\)
\(N=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
\(N< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\frac{1}{99\cdot100}\)
\(N< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(N< 1-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(N< \frac{99}{100}< \frac{75}{100}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(a,\)
Để A là phân số thì \(n-2\ne0\Rightarrow n\ne2\)
b, Ta có :
\(A=\frac{n+1}{n-2}=\frac{n-2+3}{n-2}=1+\frac{3}{n-2}\)
Mà \(3⋮n+2\Rightarrow n+2\inƯ(3)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
Tự xét bảng
Dễ thấy : \(P< 1\)
Áp dụng kết quả bài trên nếu \(\frac{a}{b}< 1\)thì \(\frac{a+m}{b+m}>\frac{a}{b}\)với \((m>0)\)
Vậy \(P=\frac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}=\frac{(10^{11}-1)+11}{(10^{12}-1)+11}=\frac{10^{11}+10}{10^{12}+10}\)
\(P< \frac{10\cdot(10^{10}+1)}{10\cdot(10^{11}+1)}=\frac{10^{10}+1}{10^{11}+1}=Q\)
Do đó P < Q
Chứng minh: \(\frac{2}{x^2-1}+\frac{4}{x^2-4}+...+\frac{20}{x^2-100}=\frac{11}{\left(x-10\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{11}{\left(x-9\right)\left(x+2\right)}+...+\frac{11}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+10\right)}\)
Vê trái:
\(=\frac{2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+...+\frac{20}{\left(x-10\right)\left(x+10\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+...+\frac{\left(x+10\right)-\left(x-10\right)}{\left(x+10\right)\left(x-10\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x-2}-\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x-10}-\frac{1}{x+10}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{1}{x-2}+...+\frac{1}{x-10}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x+10}\right)\)
Vế phải:
\(=\frac{\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-10\right)}{\left(x-10\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-9\right)}{\left(x-9\right)\left(x+2\right)}+...+\frac{\left(x+10\right)-\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+10\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x-10}-\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x-9}-\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x+10}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{1}{x-2}+...+\frac{1}{x-10}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x+10}\right)\) = vế phải
=> đpcm
Chứng minh rằng: \(M=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{2}{3^3}+\frac{3}{3^4}+...+\frac{10}{3^{11}}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(M=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{2}{3^3}+\frac{3}{3^4}+...+\frac{10}{3^{11}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3M=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+...+\frac{10}{3^{10}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3M-M=\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+...+\frac{10}{3^{10}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{2}{3^3}+...+\frac{10}{3^{11}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2M=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{10}}-\frac{10}{3^{11}}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{10}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^9}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^9}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{10}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1-\frac{1}{3^{10}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow2A< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2M< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{10}{3^{11}}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{\frac{1}{2}-\frac{10}{3^{11}}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{2.3^{11}}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)