Chọn đáp án B

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ a.......2a........a...........a\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ b.........3b.........b........1,5b\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=22,2\\a+1,5b=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3.127}{0,3.127+0,2.133,5}.100\approx58,796\%\\ \%m_{AlCl_3}\approx41,204\%\)

= 22,2 + 38,325 – 1,05 = 59,475 (gam).

\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=56a+27b=22.2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.6\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.3,b=0.2\)

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{0.3\cdot56}{22.2}\cdot100\%=75.67\%\)

\(\%Al=24.33\%\)

Gọi $n_{Fe} = a ; n_{Al} = b$

$\Rightarrow 56a + 27b = 22,2(1)$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = 0,6(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,3;  b = 0,2
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,3.56}{22,2}.100\% =75,68\%$

$\%m_{Al} = 24,32\%$

- Cách 1: bạn có thể giải bình thường bằng cách viết PTHH và áp dụng bảo toàn khối lượng để tính.

- Cách 2:

\(n_{Cl}=n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2.\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=1,2mol\)

m_muối=m_{kim loại}+m_Cl=22,2+1,2x35,5=64,8 gam

Fe +2HCl---.--->FeCl2 +H2

x-----------------------x

Mg+2HCl----->MgCl2+H2

y------------------y

Ta có

m\(_{Fe}=56x\)

m\(_{Mg}=24y\)

m\(_{FeCl2}=127x\)

m\(_{MgCl2}=95y\)

Theo bài ra ta có hệ pt

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=8\\127x+95y=22,2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

%m\(_{Fe}=\frac{0,1.56}{8}.100\%=70\%\%=\)

%m\(_{Mg}=100-70=30\%\)

a) \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: S + O₂ --t^o--> SO₂

         0,5<-0,5<------0,5

=> m_S = 0,5.32 = 16(g)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_S=\dfrac{16}{22,2}.100\%=72,07\%\\\%m_P=\dfrac{22,2-16}{22,2}.100\%=27,93\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(n_P=\dfrac{22,2-16}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4P + 5O₂ --t^o--> 2P₂O₅

          0,2-->0,25----->0,1

=> \(V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

c) 

PTHH: 2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

             0,5<-------------------0,75

=> \(m_{KClO_3}=0,5.122,5=61,25\left(g\right)\)

a) PTHH:

\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\\ 4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\)

- Chất khí mùi hắc là SO₂

- Chất rắn sau phản ứng có m(g) là P₂O₅

Đặt: n_S=a(mol); n_P=b(mol) (a,b>0) (nguyên, dương)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}32a+31b=22,2\\22,4a=11,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_S=\dfrac{0,5.32}{22,2}.100\approx72,072\%\\\%m_P\approx100\%-72,072\%\approx27,928\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

\(n_{O_2}=a+\dfrac{5}{4}b=0,5+\dfrac{5}{4}.0,2=0,75\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,75.22,4=16,8\left(l\right)\)

c)

\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\\ n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.0,75}{3}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=122,5.0,5=61,25\left(g\right)\)