Đáp án C

Đáp án B

+     C O 2 ⏟ 0 , 15     m o l + N a O H ⏟ 0 , 2     m o l → q u y   đ ổ i H 2 C O 3 ⏟ 0 , 15     m o l + N a O H ⏟ 0 , 2     m o l →         m u ố i + H O H ⏟ 0 , 2     m o l B T K L :     m m u ố i = m H 2 C O 3 ⏟ 0 , 15 . 62 + m N a O H ⏟ 0 , 2 . 40 - m H 2 O ⏟ 0 , 2 . 18 = 13 , 7     g a m ∙     P S :     n H + / H 2 C O 3 > n O H - ⇒ n H O H = n O H - .

Đáp án C

Đáp án C

Chọn C

1 < n O H - n C O 2  < 2

CO₂ + OH^-  à HCO₃^-

   a       a

CO₂ + 2OH^- à CO₃^2- H₂O

   b       2b               b

bảo toàn OH^- và CO₂ có a + b = 0 , 15 a + 2 b = 0 , 2 ⇒ a = 0 , 1 b = 0 , 05  => m _muối = m_CO2 + m_NaOH – m_H2O = 0,15.44 + 0,2.40 – 0,05.18 = 13,7g

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{OH^-}=0.5\cdot0.2+0.5\cdot0.2=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(T=\dfrac{0.2}{0.15}=1.33\)

=> Tạo ra \(SO_3^{2-},HSO_3^-\)

Đặt :

\(n_{SO_3^{2-}}=a\left(mol\right),n_{HSO_3^{2-}}=b\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có hệ phương trình : 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_S=a+b=0.15\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=2a+b=0.2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.05\\b=0.1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Muối}=m_{Na^+}+m_{K^+}+m_{SO_3^{2-}}+m_{HSO_3^-}\)

\(=0.5\cdot0.2\cdot23+0.5\cdot0.2\cdot39+0.05\cdot80+0.1\cdot81=18.3\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{KOH}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{n_{KOH}}{n_{SO_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}=0,67\) => Tạo muối KHSO₃

PTHH: KOH + SO₂ --> KHSO₃

             0,2------------->0,2

=> m_KHSO3 = 0,2.120 = 24 (g)

Bài 7:

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo 2 muối

PTHH: \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)

                 a_______2a__________a              (mol)

            \(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)

                 b_______b__________b       (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,15\\2a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{CO_2}+m_{ddNaOH}=0,15\cdot44+200\cdot1,25=256,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot106}{256,6}\cdot100\%\approx2,1\%\\C\%_{NaHCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot72}{256,6}\cdot100\%\approx2,8\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 8:

PTHH: \(RCO_3+2HNO_3\rightarrow R\left(NO_3\right)_2+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)

Giả sử \(n_{RCO_3}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=2\left(mol\right)\\n_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=1\left(mol\right)=n_{CO_2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHNO_3}=\dfrac{2\cdot63}{20\%}=630\left(g\right)\\m_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=R+124\left(g\right)\\m_{CO_2}=44\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{124+R}{R+60+630-44}=0,26582\)

\(\Leftrightarrow R=65\) (Kẽm) \(\Rightarrow\) CTHH của muối cacbonat là ZnCO₃