Áp dụng BĐT AG-GM:

\(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}+b^2}=\dfrac{a^3}{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)

Cmtt \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}\ge\dfrac{b^3}{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\\\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+ac+a^2}\ge\dfrac{c^3}{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(c^2+a^2\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Cộng vế theo vế của bất đẳng thức:

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2}\right)\)

Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AG-GM:

\(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}=\dfrac{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)-ab^2}{a^2+b^2}=a-\dfrac{ab^2}{a^2+b^2}\ge a-\dfrac{ab^2}{2ab}=a-\dfrac{b}{2}\)

Cmtt\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2}\ge b-\dfrac{c}{2}\\\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2}\ge c-\dfrac{a}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Cộng vế theo vế

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2}\right)\\ \ge\dfrac{2}{3}\left(a-\dfrac{b}{2}+b-\dfrac{c}{2}+c-\dfrac{a}{2}\right)=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c-\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\right)=\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\)

\(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2.ab.b^2}}=a-\dfrac{a+b}{3}=\dfrac{2a-b}{3}\)

Tương tự và cộng lại ta sẽ có đpcm

Đặt vế trái BĐT cần chứng minh là P, ta có:

\(\dfrac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{ca}{c^2+a^2}=\dfrac{1}{c\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{a\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(c^2+a^2\right)}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{9}{a\left(b^2+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{9}{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge a^3+b^3+c^3+\dfrac{9}{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2}\right)^2.\dfrac{9}{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}}\)

\(=3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{9\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{8}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{27abc}{8}}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Chị cx học Tê Tiêu ạ,A mấy ạ

a/ \(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+ac+a^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^4}{a^3+a^2b+ab^2}+\dfrac{b^4}{b^3+b^2c+bc^2}+\dfrac{c^4}{c^3+ac^2+ca^2}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)+b\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)+c\left(c^2+ca+a^2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a+b+c}\)

b/ \(\dfrac{a^3}{bc}+\dfrac{b^3}{ac}+\dfrac{c^3}{ab}=\dfrac{a^4}{abc}+\dfrac{b^4}{abc}+\dfrac{c^4}{abc}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3abc}=\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)

b)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy Shwarz, ta có:

\(\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\le a^2+b^2+c^2\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy Shwarz dạng Engel, ta có:

\(\dfrac{a^3}{bc}+\dfrac{b^3}{ac}+\dfrac{c^3}{bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3abc}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{9}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\times\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a+b+c}\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c.

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy_ Schwarz ta có:

\(\text{VT}=\frac{a^6}{a^3+a^2b+ab^2}+\frac{b^6}{b^3+b^2c+bc^2}+\frac{c^6}{c^3+c^2a+ca^2}\)

\(\geq \frac{(a^3+b^3+c^3)^2}{a^3+a^2b+ab^2+b^3+b^2c+bc^2+c^3+c^2a+ca^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^3+b^3+c^3)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3+ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ac(a+c)}\) (I)

Áp dụng BĐT Am-Gm ta có:

\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^3+a^3+b^3\geq 3a^2b\\ b^3+b^3+c^3\geq 3b^2c\\ c^3+c^3+a^3\geq 3c^2a\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow 3(a^3+b^3+c^3)\geq 3(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\geq a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\) (1)

Tương tự:

\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^3+b^3+b^3\geq 3ab^2\\ b^3+c^3+c^3\geq 3bc^2\\ c^3+a^3+a^3\geq 3ca^2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow 3(a^3+b^3+c^3)\geq 3(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\geq ab^2+bc^2+ca^2(2)\)

Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow 2(a^3+b^3+c^3)\geq ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ac(c+a)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ac(c+a)\leq 3(a^3+b^3+c^3)\) (II)

Từ \((I);(II)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^3+b^3+c^3)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3+ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ac(a+c)}\geq \frac{(a^3+b^3+c^3)^2}{3(a^3+b^3+c^3)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}\) (đpcm)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

\(VT=\dfrac{a}{b\left(b^2+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{c\left(c^2+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{a\left(a^2+c\right)}\)

\(VT=\dfrac{a+b^2-b^2}{b\left(b^2+a\right)}+\dfrac{b+c^2-c^2}{c\left(c^2+b\right)}+\dfrac{c+a^2-a^2}{a\left(a^2+c\right)}\)

\(VT=\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{b}{b^2+a}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{c}{c^2+b}+\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{a}{a^2+c}\)

\(VT=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\left(\dfrac{b}{b^2+a}+\dfrac{c}{c^2+b}+\dfrac{a}{a^2+c}\right)\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{b^2+a}\le\dfrac{b}{2b\sqrt{a}}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}\)

Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại tao có

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\right)\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{a}+1}{2}\)

Tương tự ta có

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{b}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{b}+1}{2};\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{c}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{c}+1}{2}\)

Thu lại ta có

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+3}{2}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy dạng phân thức

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)