a)

\(2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ b)\\ n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 27a + 56b =16,6(1)\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow a = 0,2 ; b = 0,2\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al} = 0,2.27 = 5,4(gam)\ ;\ m_{Fe} = 0,2.56 = 11,2(gam)\)

a) Gọi `n_{Al} = a (mol); n_{Fe} = b (mol)`

PTHH:

`2Al + 3H_2SO_4 -> Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2`

`Fe + H_2SO_4 -> FeSO_4 + H_`

b) `n_{H_2} = (0,56)/(22,4) = 0,025 (mol)`

Theo PT: `n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} + 3/2 n_{Al}`

`=> b + 1,5a = 0,025`

Giải hpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=0,83\\1,5a+b=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,01\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%=32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-32,53\%=67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

_____0,15<--------------------0,15

=> m_Fe = 0,15.56 = 8,4 (g)

=> m_Cu = 15-8,4 = 6,6 (g)

c) Số nguyên tử Fe = 0,15.6.10²³ = 0,9.10²³

n H2=\(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\)=0,4 mol

2Al + 6HClAlCl₃ + 3H₂ (1)

x----------------------------3\2x

Zn +2 HClZnCl₂ + H₂ (2)

y----------------------------y mol

ta có hệ :

27x+65y=11,9

\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)x+y=0,4

=>x=0,2  mol->m Al=0,2.27=5,4g

=>y=0,1 mol->m Zn=0,1.65=6,5g

nắm chắc pthh là xong hết , về luyện là đc

\(nH_2=8,96:22,4=0,4mol\)

PTHH:

\(2Al+2Zn+2HCl\rightarrow2AlZnCl+H_2\)

0,8<--0,8<----0,8<------<0,8--------<0,4

\(mAl=0,8.27=21,6gam\)

\(mZn=0,8.65=52gam\)

\(mAlZnCl=102gam\)

PTHH : 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlHCl₃ + 3H₂

PTHH : Zn + HCl -> ZnCl₂ + H₂

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi Al là a ; Zn là b

Ta có 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+65b=11,9\\a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(=>a=0,2\left(mol\right)->m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

\(=>b=0,1\left(mol\right)->m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)

a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

Mol:      x                                 x    

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

Mol:      y                                 y

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=30,7\\x+y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,3.65.100\%}{30,7}=63,52\%;\%m_{Fe}=100\%-63,52\%=36,48\%\)

b,

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

Mol:     0,3     0,6                             

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

Mol:     0,2     0,4

n_HCl = 0,6+0,4 = 1 (mol)

\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(l\right)=500\left(ml\right)\)

PTHH :

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

x          3x           x               1,5x

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

y         2y              y          y

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi n Al = x 

       n Fe = y    (mol )

Ta có hệ PT :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=16,6\\1,5x+y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải hệ PT , ta có :

\(x=y=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=16,6-5,4=11,2\left(g\right)\)

a)

$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$

b)

Gọi $n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 0,83(1)$

Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{0,56}{22,4} = 0,025(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,01; b = 0,01

$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,01.27}{0,84}.100\% = 32,1\%$

$\%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 32,1\% = 67,9\%$

\(m_{Al,Fe}=16,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2\left(sp\right)}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{96\%}=\dfrac{25}{48}\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=16,4\\a+1,5b=\dfrac{25}{48}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{137}{465}\\b=\dfrac{187}{1240}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Từ đây em tính được KL mỗi kim loại em hi

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,02=\dfrac{1}{75}\left(mol\right)\\ b,\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{75}.27}{30}.100=1,2\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-1,2\%=98,8\%\)