mn giúp em vs ạ 

Giả sử số mol của Mg, Al trong Y lần lượt là a, b (mol)

=> 24a + 27b = 5,1

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

            2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

=> a + 1,5b = 0,25

=> a = 0,1 ; b = 0,1

Gọi số mol Na là k (mol)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O --> 2NaOH + H₂

           k-------------------->k---->0,5k

            2Al + 2NaOH + 2H₂O --> 2NaAlO₂ + 3H₂

           k<-----k------------------------------>1,5k

=> 0,5k + 1,5k = 0,4

=> k = 0,2 (mol)

=> n_Al(X) = 0,2 + 0,1 = 0,3 (mol)

=> m_Al(X) = 0,3.27 = 8,1 (g)

Gọi $n_{Mg} = n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)$

Ta có : 

$24a + 27a + 56b = 15,8(1)$

$n_{HCl} > 2n_{H_2}$ nên HCl dư

Ta có : 

$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5a + b = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1

$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,2.27}{15,8}.100\% = 34,18\%$
$\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,2.24}{15,8}.100\% = 30,38\%$

$\%m_{Fe} = 35,44\%$

$n_{HCl\ pư} = 2n_{H_2} = 1,2(mol)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng : $m_{muối} = 15,8 + 1,2.36,5 - 0,6.2 = 58,4(gam)$

\(19,1gam\) \(:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al\\Mg\\Zn\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\underrightarrow{+O_2}\)\(Y:25,5gam\)\(\underrightarrow{+HCl}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AgCl_3\\MgCl_2\\ZnCl_2\end{matrix}\right.\)  + H2 : 0,3 mol

                                                                                               H2O

Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng:

\(mO_2=25,5-19,1=6,4gam\) \(\Rightarrow nO_2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

BTNT O : nH2O = 0,4mol

\(\rightarrow nHCl^-\left(tdOxi\right)=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(nH_2=0,3\left(mol\right)\rightarrow nCl^-\left(tdKl\right)=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{muối}=19,1+\left(0,8+0,6\right).35,5=68,8\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{6,675}{133,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

          0,05<-----------0,05---->0,075

=> \(\%Al=\dfrac{0,05.27}{14,15}.100\%=9,54\%\)

=> \(\%Cu=\dfrac{14,15-0,05.27}{14,15}.100\%=90,46\%\)

b) \(V_{H_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{14,15-0,05.27}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

          0,05->0,0375

           2Cu + O₂ --t^o--> 2CuO 

            0,2-->0,1

=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(0,1+0,0375\right).22,4=3,08\left(l\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ m_{AlCl_3}=6,675\left(mol\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{6,675}{133,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_A=0,05.27=1,35\left(g\right);m_{Cu}=14,15-1,35=12,8\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{14,15}.100\approx90,459\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx9,541\%\\ b,n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,05=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ 2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}.n_{Al}+\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,05+\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,0875\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,0875.22,4=1,96\left(l\right)\)