Ta có \(\sqrt{a-1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a-1}}\) \(=\sqrt{a-1}+\dfrac{1}{4\sqrt{a-1}}+\dfrac{3}{4\sqrt{a-1}}\) \(\ge2\sqrt{\sqrt{a-1}.\dfrac{1}{4\sqrt{a-1}}}+\dfrac{3}{4\sqrt{a-1}}\) \(=1+\dfrac{3}{4\sqrt{a-1}}\).

Lập 2 BĐT tương tự rồi cộng vế theo vế, ta có

\(VT\ge3+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c-1}}\right)\)

\(\ge3+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{a-1}+\sqrt{b-1}+\sqrt{c-1}}\) 

\(\ge3+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{9}{\dfrac{3}{2}}\) \(=\dfrac{15}{2}\). 

ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{5}{4}\). Ta có đpcm

Có \(\sqrt{a-1}+\sqrt{b-1}+\sqrt{c-1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c-1}}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c-1}}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}-\left(\sqrt{a-1}+\sqrt{b-1}+\sqrt{c-1}\right)\ge6\) (1)

Ta chứng minh (1) đúng 

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Schwarz : 

\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c-1}}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{a-1}+\sqrt{b-1}+\sqrt{c-1}}\ge\dfrac{9}{\dfrac{3}{2}}=6\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a-1}=\sqrt{b-1}=\sqrt{c-1}\\\sqrt{a-1}+\sqrt{b-1}+\sqrt{c-1}=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{5}{4}\)(tm) 

\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2}\)(1) với x+y+z=0. Bạn quy đồng vế trái (1) dc \(\frac{x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2}{x^2y^2z^2}=\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2-2\left(x+y+z\right)xyz}{x^2y^2z^2}\)

\(P=\left(b+c+d\right)\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}\right)=1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+1+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{d}{b}+\frac{d}{c}+1\)

\(=3+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{d}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{b}+\frac{d}{c}\)

Mặt khác do \(b\le c\le d\Rightarrow\left(d-c\right)\left(c-b\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cd-bd-c^2+bc\ge0\Leftrightarrow bc+cd\ge c^2+bd\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{bc+cd}{cd}\ge\frac{c^2+bd}{cd}\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{d}+1\ge\frac{c}{d}+\frac{b}{c}\)

\(\frac{bc+cd}{bc}\ge\frac{c^2+bd}{bc}\Leftrightarrow\frac{d}{b}+1\ge\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{d}+\frac{d}{b}+2\ge\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\frac{b}{d}+\frac{d}{b}\right)+2\ge\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{d}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{b}+\frac{d}{c}=P\)

Mà \(a\le b\le d\le2a\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{b}{d}\le1\\1\le\frac{d}{b}\le2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{b}{d}-1\right)\left(\frac{d}{b}-2\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow1-2\frac{b}{d}-\frac{d}{b}+2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{d}+\frac{d}{b}\le3-\frac{b}{d}\le3-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le2.\frac{5}{2}+2=7\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=c=a\\d=2a\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn bổ sung thêm điều kiện a,b là các số không âm nhé :)

Áp dụng BĐT \(\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge a+b\) được : 

\(\sqrt{\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}.\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\ge\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{2}}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{a+b}{2}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b 

Bất đẳng thức côsi

Tiện tay chém trước vài bài dễ.

Bài 1:

\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{\frac{a+b+c}{2}}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)

Nhưng dấu bằng không xảy ra nên ta có đpcm. (tui dùng cái kí hiệu tổng cho nó gọn thôi nha!)

Bài 2:

1) Thấy nó sao sao nên để tối nghĩ luôn

2) 

c) \(VT=\left(a-b+1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = 0; b = 1

2b) \(VT=\left(a-2b+1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+1\ge1>0\)

Có đpcm

Ồ bài 2 a mới sửa đề ak:)

\(VT=\frac{\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^2}{2abc}+\Sigma\frac{a^2}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^2}{\Sigma a^2\left(b+c\right)+2abc}=\frac{\left(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)

\(\frac{a^2}{b}-a+b+b=\frac{a^2-ab+b^2}{b}+b\ge2\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}=\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\sqrt{\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}\)

\(\ge\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\frac{a+b}{2}\)

chứng minh tương tự ta được

\(\frac{b^2}{c}-b+c+c\ge\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}+\frac{b+c}{2},\frac{c^2}{a}-c+a+a\ge\sqrt{c^2-ca+a^2}+\frac{a+c}{2}\)

cộng vế với vế ta được

\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}+a+b+c\ge\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2-ca+a^2}+a+b+c\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c