a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\\\overline{M}=\dfrac{71.n_{Cl_2}+32.n_{O_2}}{n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}}=2.29=58\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}.100\%=33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cl_2}=0,2.71=14,2\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=0,1.32=3,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt x và y là số mol O 3  và  O 2  có trong 1 mol hỗn hợp khí

Hỗn hợp khí A : (48x + 32y)/(x+y) = 19,2 x 2 = 38,4

→ 3x = 2y → 40% O 3  và 60%  O 2

Đặt x và y là số mol  H 2  và CO có trong 1 mol hỗn hợp khí

Hỗn hợp khí B : (2x + 28y)/(x+y) = 3,6 x 2 = 7,2

→ x = 4y → 80%  H 2  và 20% CO

a)

$n_{Cl_2} :  n_{O_2} = 1 : 2$

Suy ra : 

$\%V_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{1}{1 + 2}.100\% = 33,33\%$
$\%V_{O_2} = \dfrac{2}{1 + 2}.100\% = 66,67\%$

b)

Coi $n_{Cl_2} = 1 (mol) \Rightarrow n_{O_2} = 2(mol)$
$\%m_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{1.71}{1.71 + 2.32}.100\% = 52,59\%$
$\%m_{O_2} = 100\% -52,59\% = 47,41\%$

c)

$M_A = \dfrac{71.1 + 32.2}{1 + 2} = 45(g/mol)$
$d_{A/B} = \dfrac{45}{28} = 1,607$

\(n_A=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=a\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1-a\left(mol\right)\)

\(\overline{M}=8.45\cdot4=33.8\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m=36.5a+32\cdot\left(1-a\right)=33.8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a=0.4\)

\(\%V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.4}{1}\cdot100\%=40\%\)

\(\%V_{O_2}=60\%\)

\(b.\)

\(n_{HCl}:n_{O_2}=0.4:0.6=2:3\)

\(n_{HCl}=2x\left(mol\right),n_{O_2}=3x\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=2x\cdot36.5+3x\cdot32=4.225\left(g\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0.025\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0.025\cdot2\cdot36.5=1.825\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{O_2}=2.4\left(g\right)\)

Giả sử có 1 mol khí Cl₂, 2 mol khí O₂

a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1}{1+2}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{1+2}.100\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1.71}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=52,59\%\\\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.32}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=47,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\overline{M}=\dfrac{1.71+2.32}{1+2}=45\left(g/mol\right)\)

=> \(d_{A/H_2}=\dfrac{45}{2}=22,5\)

c) \(n_A=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> m_A = 0,3.45 = 13,5 (g)

n_A = 6.72/22.4 = 0.3 (mol) 

=> nH2 = 0.1 ( mol ) 

nO2 = 0.2 ( mol ) 

%VH2 = 0.1 / 0.3 * 100% = 33.33%

%VO2 = 66.67%

%mH2 = 0.1 * 2 / ( 0.1 * 2 + 0.2 * 32 ) * 100% = 3.03%

%mO2 = 96.67%

d A / H2 = ( 0.1 * 2 + 0.2 * 32) / 0.3 : 2 = 11 

Gọi số mol O₂, CO₂ là a, b

Có: \(\overline{M}=\dfrac{32a+44b}{a+b}=19,5.2=39\)

=> \(a=\dfrac{5}{7}b\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{7}b}{\dfrac{5}{7}b+b}.100\%=41,67\%\\\%V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{b}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{5}{7}b+b}.100\%=58,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{32a}{32a+44b}.100\%=34,188\%\\\%m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{44b}{32a+44b}.100\%=65,812\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(M_{hh}=19,5.M_{H_2}=19,5.2=39\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ Đặt:a=V_{\dfrac{O_2}{hh}}\\ M_{hh}=39\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{32.a+44.\left(100\%-a\right)}{100\%}=39\\ \Leftrightarrow a=\dfrac{5}{12}\\ \Rightarrow\%V_{\dfrac{O_2}{hh}}=\dfrac{5}{12}.100\%=41,667\%\Rightarrow\%V_{\dfrac{CO_2}{hh}}\approx58,333\%\\ \%m_{\dfrac{O_2}{hh}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{12}.32}{\dfrac{5}{12}.32+\dfrac{7}{12}.44}.100\approx34,188\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{\dfrac{CO_2}{hh}}\approx65,812\%\)