and II. Read the passage carefully and then choose the best answer. (1.5pts)

      Percy Lebaron Spencer (1894 – 1970) was an American engineer and inventor. Like several great inventors, Dr. Percy Spencer made his most famous discovery by accident. He was testing a new piece of radar technology called “magnetron” in a laboratory in 1946 when the candy bar in his pocket started to cook. This interested him, so he put some corn next to the magnetron – and that cooked too! The next day Dr. Spencer and his colleague placed an egg near the magnetron. Dr. Spencer’s curious colleague took a step closer to check the egg – just in time for it to explode and cover his face! After a short time, the company weighed over 350 kilos! Finally in 1966 technology became advanced enough to produce microwaves for everyday domestic use. By then they were much smaller and easier to control. Nowadays you can see microwave ovens all over the world. They are here to stay.

1.Dr. Spencer discovered that………………..

A. a new piece was called “magnetron”     B. a candy bar could cook his pocket

C. magnetron could cook food              D. invention often happened by accident

2.The first microwave was invented  in………………..

A.1946                       B.1947                       C.1966                       D.1970

3.Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?

A. Dr. Percy Spencer was a radar expert.

B. His colleague had a minor accident in the experiment.

C. The first microwave was hardly convenient to use.

D. Microwave ovens are now part of our life.

4.The phrase “by accident” in the passage mostly means....................

A. on purpose           B. by the way            C. not controlled      D. not planned

5. Percy Lebaron Spencer died at the age of………………..

A.70                            B.75                            C. 76                           D.86

6.What could be the best title for the article?

A. The Uses of Microwave Ovens                     B. The History of Microwave Ovens

C. The Story of Dr. Percy Spencer                    D. The inventions of Dr. Percy Spencer

Read the passage. Then read each question and choose the correct answer.

A    It seems every day that Elon Musk makes headline news. The inventor, engineer, and entrepreneur is involved with several innovative projects: Tesla electric cars, OpenAI artificial intelligence, Hyperloop high-speed transportation systems, supersonic jet aircraft, and SolarCity. But Musk's most noteworthy project is SpaceX which is dedicated to advancing rocket and spacecraft technology with the aim of establishing a self-sustaining settlement on Mars.

B   Space Exploration Technologies - better known by its nickname SpaceX - was started in 2002 with the long term goal of establishing "a spacefaring civilization." Musk is making a comparison with the seafaring that characterized the Age of Exploration from the late 1400s to the 1700s. During that period, Europeans explored parts of the world that had previously been unknown. The exploration led to settlements, trade, and exchanges between all parts of the world. Recently, Musk said, "The future of humanity is fundamentally going to bifurcate along one of two directions: Either we're going to become a multiplanet species and a spacefaring civilization, or we're going to be stuck on one planet until some eventual extinction event."¹

C  Musk is not exactly sure what might wipe out humans on planet Earth, but some ideas are an asteroid, a super volcano eruption, a virus or even catastrophic global warming. But aside from the threats, he is eager to move into space, not only to explore it but also to establish a human colony on Mars.

D  Around 2002, Musk saw flaws in the existing space program which was based on the space shuttle and expensive rockets that could only be used once. He was determined to design and create reusable rockets that make space exploration much less expensive. By 2015, SpaceX had developed and tested the first rocket booster that was able to land and be used again. NASA, the US national space agency, gave SpaceX contracts to transport crew and cargo to the International Space Station (ISS) after they retired the space shuttle.

E  In September 2016, Musk announced his plans to send the first people to Mars by 2025. After that, large numbers of people would become settlers, but they would need to be supplied with everything necessary for life. Musk says, "What really matters is being able to send a large number of people, like tens of thousands if not hundreds of thousands of people, and ultimately millions of tons of cargo."² That's why he thinks reusable rockets are so important.

F   Establishing a colony on Mars has many challenges. First is the need to fuel the spacecraft from the sun's energy outside Earth's atmosphere. There are problems transporting all the supplies needed to sustain life including air, food, and water. Landing a spacecraft on Mars gently would be tricky. Then there are the human problems. Research on astronauts at the ISS has shown that living for a long time in a weightless situation causes bone loss, vision problems, and perhaps psychological changes. Lastly, there's no quick trip back to Earth in emergencies.

G   Experts in space technology have had mixed reactions to Musk's plan. Some see the program as too ambitious or are concerned about the schedule. Others acknowledge the need for space exploration and settlement and admire Musk's vision. Kenny Todd, an operations manager for NASA's Johnson Space Center, put it this way: "You gotta start somewhere. You gotta start with dreaming," Todd said, "And sometime in there, things become actual."³

¹ Source of quote: Elon Musk: A Million Humans Could Live on Mars By the 2060s by Nadia Drake (news.nationalgeographic.com)

^{2, 3} Source of quotes: Mars: Inside the High-Risk, High-Stakes Race to the Red Planet by Joel Achenbach (nationalgeographic.com)

23. What is the best title for the entire reading?

24. Why are Musk's many ideas mentioned in Paragraph A?

25. What is the purpose of the quote in Paragraph B?

26. In the quote in Paragraph B, Musk uses the word bifurcate. What does it mean?

27. According to the passage, what is the main advantage of reusable rockets?

28. Which idea can you infer from Paragraph F?

29. Based on Todd's quote in Paragraph G, which statement would he agree with?

Ai làm được thì giúp tớ với ( Cảm ơn nhìu lắm :))) Bài này là biến đổi từ thành 1 tính từ 'positive' hay 'negative'

Perhaps the most_____(use) an convenient of all domestic appliances in the microwave oven. You do not need to be a______(skill) cook or a_____(technology) geniusto operate one, and you can produce extremely_______(taste) meals at the touch of a button. Many of us would now feel rather_____(help) and unable to cope without one. The man we have to thank for this modern cooking miracle is______(invite), Percy LeBaron Spencer, who manufactured the Radar Range oven for industrial use in 1945. Ten years______(late) the first domestic microwave made its _____(appear). This rather bulky contraption needed an______(electric) and a plumber to install it and was the same size as a fridge. At over $1,000 in 1955, it was not immediately_______(succeed). Not until 1967, when the countertop model became _______(wide) available, did sales start to improve.

PART 7: Read the passage below carefully and choose the best answer.

Langston Hughes was one of the greatest American writers of the twentieth century. He was born in Joplin, Missouri, and moved to Cleveland at the age of 14. Several years later he spent one year in Mexico before attending Columbia University in New York. For a few years after that, he roamed the world as a seaman, visiting ports around the world and writing some poetry. He returned to the United States and attended Lincoln University, where he won the Witter Bynner Prize for undergraduate poetry. After graduating in 1928, he traveled to Spain and to Russia with the help of a Guggenheim fellowship. His novels include Not without Laughter (1930) and The Big Sea (1940). He wrote an autobiography in 1956 and also published several collections of poetry. The collections include The Weary Blues (1926), The Dream Keeper (1932), Shakespeare in Harlem (1942), Fields of Wonder (1947), One Way Ticket (1947), and Selected Poems (1959) A man of many talents, Hughes was also a lyricist, librettist, and a journalist. As an older man in the 1960s, he spent much of his time collecting poems from Africa and from African-Americans to popularize black writers. Hughes is one of the most accomplished writers in American literary history, and he is seen as one of the artistic leaders of the Harlem Renaissance, the period when a neighborhood that was predominantly black produced a flood of great literature, music, and other art forms depicting daily city life for African-Americans.

1. What is the main topic of this passage?

3.       As used in the passage, which of the following words could best replace the word "ports"?

A.  Islands     B. Ships         C. Friends.     D. Harbors

4.       To which of the following movements might Shakespeare in Harlem refer?

A.  The Civil War    B. The Harlem Riots

                   C. The Harlem Renaissance            D. The Civil Rights Movement

5.       What provided Hughes with assistance for his travel to Spain and Russia?

A.  His job as a reporter     B. His career as a soldier

                  C. A literary fellowship                               D. A college study program

6.       The word "talents" in the passage could be replaced by which of the following?

A.  Desires    B. Abilities    C. Strategies  D. Careers

7.       According to the author, what did Hughes do during the later years of his life? A. Write short stories    B. Popularize African-American writers

                   C. Advocate racial equality         .               D. Write about life in Harlem

8.       Which of the following could best replace the word "accomplished" as used in the passage?

A.  Successful          B. Prolific      C. Brilliant    D. Imaginative

9.       Which of the following can best substitute for the word "depicting" in the passage?

A.  Congratulating   Blessing         C. Screening  D. Portraying

10.  According to the passage, Langston Hughes was all of the following EXCEPT:

A.  A novelist           B. A poet       C. A historian           D. A journalism.

Read the passage and choose the best answer to the question.

AN EXCITING TRIP

I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the center of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.

Whom was this passage written about?

A. Tim

B. Tim’s brother or sister

C. an engineer

D. Darwin

Question 6: Read the following passage and choose the best answer. Write your answers in the numbered blanks provided below the passage. (20point)

In addition to the great ridges and volcanic chains, the oceans conceal another form of undersea mountains: the strange guyot, or flat-topped seamount. No marine geologist even suspected the  existence of these isolated mountains until they were discovered by geologist Harry H. Hess in 1946.   He was serving at the time as naval officer on a ship equipped with a fathometer. Hess named these truncated peaks for the nineteenth-century Swiss-born geologist Arnold Guyot, who had served on the faculty of Princeton University for thirty years. Since then, hundreds of guyots have been discovered in every ocean but the Arctic. Like offshore canyons, guyots present a challenge to oceanographic theory. They are believed to be extinct volcanoes. Their flat tops indicate that they once stood above or just below the surface, where the action of waves leveled off their peaks. Yet today, by definition, their summits are at least 600 feet below the surface, and some are as deep as 8,200 feet. Most lie between 3,200 feet and 6,500 feet. Their tops are not really flat but slope upward to a low pinnacle at the center. Dredging from the tops of guyots has recovered basalt and coral rubble, and that would be expected from the eroded tops of what were once islands. Some of this material is over 80 million years old. Geologists think the drowning of the guyots involved two processes: The great weight of the volcanic mountains depressed the sea floor beneath them, and the level of the sea rose a number of times, especially when the last Ice Age ended, some 8,000 to 11.000 years ago.

51. What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage?

A. To trace the career of Arnold Guyot.

B. To describe feature of the undersea world.

C. To present the results of recent geologic research.

D. To discuss underwater ridges and volcano chains

52. The word “conceal” is closest in meaning to which of the following?

A. Contain                 B. Erode                                C. Hide                       D. Create

53. The passage implies that guyots were first detected by means of________.

A. a fathometer                                                        B. computer analysic

C. a deep-sea diving expedition                            D. research submarines

54. The author indicates that Arnold Guyot________.

A. was Harry Hess's instructor                              B. invented the fathometer

C. named the guyed after himself                          D. taught at Princeton University

55. What does the passage say about the Arctic Ocean?

A. The first guyot was discovered there.

B. No guyots have ever been found there.

C. There are more guyots there than in any other ocean.

D. It is impossible that guyots were ever formed there.

56. The author states that offshore canyons and guyots have which of the following characteristics in common?

A. Both are found on the ocean floor near continental shelves.

B. Both present oceanographers with a mystery.

C. Both were formed by volcanic activity.

D. Both were, at one time, above the surface of the sea.

57. According to the passage, most guyots are found at a depth of________.

A. less than 600 feet.                                                           B. between 600 and 3,200 feet.

C. between 3,200 and 6,500 feet                            D. more than 8,200 feet

51. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “rubble”?

A. Fragments             B. Mixture                             C. Columns               D. Core

51. According to the passage, which of the following two processes were involved in the submersion of guyots?

A. Erosion and volcanic activity.

B. The sinking of the sea floor and the rising of sea level.

C. Mountain building and the action of ocean currents

D. High tides and earthquakes

60. According to the passage, when did sea level significantly rise?

A. In 1946                                                                 B. In the nineteenth century

C. From 8,000 to 11,000 years                              D. 80 million years ago

III. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. (5points).

Who are the best drivers? Which drivers are the safest on the roads? According to a recent survey, young and inexperienced drivers are the most likely to have an accident. Older drivers are more careful. Young men have the worst accident records of all. They often choose faster cars with bigger engines. One of the most interesting facts in the survey is that passengers have an effect on the driver. When young male drivers have their friends in the car, their driving become worse. When their wife or girlfriend is in the car, however, their driving is better. But opposite is true for women. Their driving is more dangerous when their husband or boyfriend is in the car.

1. According to the survey, who are the most likely to have an accident ?

A. Young and experienced drivers.             B. Old and inexperienced  rivers.

C. Young and old drivers.                            D. Young and inexperienced drivers.

2. Young men often choose .....................

A. expensive cars.                                        B. fast cars with big engines.

C. slow cars with big engines.                     D. fast car with small engines.

3. Who have an effect on the driver ?

A. passengers            B. policemen             C. children                 D. journalists.

4. When young male drivers have the wife or girlfriends in the car, their driving becomes ....................

A. worse                     B. better                     C. slower                    D. faster

5. When their husband or boyfriend is in the car, women’s driving is…..

A. more careful         B. better                     C. more dangerous   D. faster

VII. Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers in the space provided.  (2,0 points)

     Although they are an inexpensive supplier of vitamins, minerals, and high-quality protein, eggs also contain a high level of blood cholesterol, one of the major causes of heart diseases. One egg yolk, in fact, contains a little more than two-thirds of the suggested daily cholesterol limit. This knowledge has caused egg sales to plummet in recent years, which in turn has brought about the development of several alternatives to eating regular eggs. One alternative is to eat substitute eggs. These egg substitutes are not really eggs, but they look somewhat like eggs when they are cooked. They have the advantage of having low cholesterol rates, and they can be scrambled or used in baking. One disadvantage, however, is that they are not good for frying, poaching, or boiling. A second alternative to regular eggs is a new type of egg, sometimes called 'designer' eggs. These eggs are produced by hens that are fed low-fat diets consisting of ingredients such as canola oil, flax, and rice bran. In spite of their diets, however, these hens produce eggs that contain the same amount of cholesterol as regular eggs. Yet, the producers of these eggs claim that eating their eggs will not raise the blood cholesterol in humans.

Egg producers claim that their product has been portrayed unfairly. They cite scientific studies to back up their claim. And, in fact, studies on the relationship between eggs and human cholesterol levels have brought mixed results. It may be that it is not the type of egg that is the main determinant of cholesterol but the person who is eating the eggs. Some people may be more sensitive to cholesterol derived from food than other people. In fact, there is evidence that certain dietary fats stimulate the body's production of blood cholesterol. Consequently, while it still makes sense to limit one's intake of eggs, even designer eggs, it seems that doing this without regulating dietary fat will probably not help reduce the blood cholesterol level.

1. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To introduce the idea that dietary fat increases the blood cholesterol level.

B. To inform people about the relationship between eggs and cholesterol.

C. To persuade people that eggs are unhealthy and should not be eaten

D. To convince people to eat 'designer' eggs and egg substitutes.

2. According to the passage, which of the following is a cause of heart diseases?

A. cholesterol              B. minerals                   C. canola oil                 D. vitamins

3. Which of the following could best replace the word 'somewhat'?

A. in fact                    B. a little                    C. indefinitely          D. a lot

4. What has been the cause for changes in the sale of eggs?

A. increasing price                                      B. decreased production

C. dietary changes in hens                     D. concerns about cholesterol

5. According to the passage, one yolk contains approximately what fraction of the suggested daily limit for human consumption of cholesterol?

A. 3/4                            B. 2/3                            C. 1/2                            D. 1/3

6. The word 'portrayed' could best be replaced by which of the following?

A. studied                     B. destroyed                C. tested                        D. described

7. What is the meaning of 'back up'?

A. reverse                  B. advance                C. block                      D. support

8. What is meant by the phrase 'mixed results'?

A. The results are blended.                               B. The results are a composite of things.

C. The results are inconclusive.                      D. The results are mingled together.

9. According to the passage, egg substitutes cannot be used to make any of following types of eggs EXCEPT?

A. boiled                    B. poached               C. scrambled           D. fried

10. According to the author, which of the following may reduce blood cholesterol?

A. decreasing egg intake and fat intake         B. increasing egg intake and fat intake

C. reducing egg intake but not fat intake       D. increasing egg intake but not fat intake