a) A=1-2-3+4+5-6-7+.....+1996+1997-1998-1999+2000

=(1-2-3+4)+(5-6-7+8)+...+(1997-1998-1999+2000)

=0

b) B=1-3+5-7+....+2001-2003+2005

=(1-3)+(5-7)+...+(2001-2003)+2005

=-2.501+2005

=-1002+2005

=1003

c) C=1-2-3+4+5-6-7+8+.....+1993-1994-1995+1996+1997

=(1-2-3+4)+(5-6-7+8)+...+(1993-1994-1995+1996)+1997

=1997

d) D=1000+998+996+......+10-999-997-995-...-11

=(1000-999)+(998-997)+(996-995)+....+(12-11)+10

=1.495+10

=595

A=-1-2+3+4-5-6+7+8-...-1997-1998+1999+2000

A=(0-1-2+3)+(4-5-7+7)+...+(1996-1997-1998+1999)+2000

A=0+0+...+0+2000

A=2000

a) \(A=1+\left(-3\right)+5+\left(-7\right)+...+\left(-1999\right)+2001\)

Số số hạng của tổng trên là: \(\frac{2001-1}{2}+1=1001\).

\(A=\left[1+\left(-3\right)\right]+\left[5+\left(-7\right)\right]+...+\left[1997+\left(-1999\right)\right]+2001\)

\(A=-2.500+2001\)

\(A=1001\)

b) \(1+\left(-2\right)+\left(-3\right)+4+5+\left(-6\right)+\left(-7\right)+8+...+1997+\left(-1998\right)+\left(-1999\right)+2000\)

\(=\left\{\left[1+\left(-2\right)\right]+\left[\left(-3\right)+4\right]\right\}+...+\left\{\left[1997+\left(-1998\right)\right]+\left[\left(-1999\right)+2000\right]\right\}\)

\(=\left(-1+1\right)+\left(-1+1\right)+...+\left(-1+1\right)\)

\(=0+0+...+0=0\)

A =-1 -2 +3+4 -5 -6+7+8- 9- 10+11 +12-...- 1997- 1998 +1999+ 2000

= (-1-2+3+4) + (-5-6+7+8) + (-9-10+11+12) +....+ (-1997-1998+1999+2000)

= 4 + 4 + 4 +... +4 (Số bộ 4 số hạng: (2000 - 4):4 + 1= 500)

= 4 x 500 

= 2000

\(S_2=1+\left(-3\right)+5+\left(-7\right)+...+1997+\left(-1999\right)\)

\(S_2=\left(1-3\right)+\left(5-7\right)+...+\left(1997-1999\right)\)

\(S_2=\left(-2\right)+\left(-2\right)+...+\left(-2\right)\)

Số lượng số hạng là: \(\left(1999-1\right):2+1=1000\) (số hạng)

Số lượng cặp là: \(1000:2=500\) (cặp)

\(S_2=500\cdot\left(-2\right)\)

\(S_2=-1000\)

Ta có : \(\frac{x-1991}{9}+\frac{x-1993}{7}+\frac{x-1995}{5}+\frac{x-1997}{3}+\frac{x-1999}{1}\)\(=\frac{x-9}{1991}+\frac{x-7}{1993}+\frac{x-5}{1995}+\frac{x-3}{1997}+\frac{x-1}{1999}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x-1991}{9}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x-1993}{7}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x-1995}{5}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x-1997}{3}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x-1999}{1}-1\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{x-9}{1991}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x-7}{1993}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x-5}{1995}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x-3}{1997}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x-1}{1999}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x-2000}{9}+\frac{x-2000}{7}+\frac{x-2000}{5}+\frac{x-2000}{3}\)

\(=\frac{x-2000}{1991}+\frac{x-2000}{1993}+\frac{x-2000}{1995}+\frac{x-2000}{1997}+\frac{x-2000}{1999}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2000\right)\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{3}\right)=\left(x-2000\right)\left(\frac{1}{1991}+\frac{1}{1993}+\frac{1}{1995}+\frac{1}{1997}+\frac{1}{1999}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2000\right)\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{3}\right)-\left(x-2000\right)\left(\frac{1}{1991}+\frac{1}{1993}+\frac{1}{1995}+\frac{1}{1997}+\frac{1}{1999}\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2000\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{3}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{1991}+\frac{1}{1993}+\frac{1}{1995}+\frac{1}{1997}+\frac{1}{1999}\right)\right]=0\)

Vì \(\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{3}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{1991}+\frac{1}{1993}+\frac{1}{1995}+\frac{1}{1997}+\frac{1}{1999}\right)\ne0\)

=> x - 2000 = 0 

=> x = 2000