\(\cfrac{P}{P-a}=\cfrac{2P}{2P-2a}=\cfrac{2P}{a+b+b-2a}=\cfrac{2P}{-a+b+c}\)

Chứng minh tương tự => \(\cfrac{P}{P-b}=\cfrac{2P}{a-b+c} \); \(\cfrac{P}{P-c}=\cfrac{2P}{a+b-c}\)

=>VT=\(\cfrac{2P}{-a+b+c}+\cfrac{2P}{a-b+c}+\cfrac{2P}{a+b-c} \geq 2P\cfrac{(1+1+1)^2}{a+b +c}=9\)(Áp dụng bđt \(\cfrac{a^2}{x}+\cfrac{b^2}{y}+\cfrac{c^c}{z}\geq\cfrac{(a+b+c)^2}{x+y+z}\))

\(VT=p\left(\frac{1}{p-a}+\frac{1}{p-b}+\frac{1}{p-c}\right)\ge\frac{9p}{3p-\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(VT\ge\frac{9p}{3p-2p}=9\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\) hay tam giác đều

ta sử dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)(cái này bạn có thể dễ dàng chúng minh )

ta có 

\(\frac{1}{p-a}+\frac{1}{p-b}\ge\frac{4}{p-a+p-b}=\frac{4}{2p-\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{4}{c}\)(1)

tương tự ta có 

\(\frac{1}{p-b}+\frac{1}{p-c}\ge\frac{4}{a}\) (2)

\(\frac{1}{p-c}+\frac{1}{p-a}\ge\frac{4}{b}\)(3)

cộng theo vế của bđt (1);(2);(3) ta có

\(2\left(\frac{1}{p-a}+\frac{1}{p-b}+\frac{1}{p-c}\right)\ge4\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

hay \(\frac{1}{p-a}+\frac{1}{p-b}+\frac{1}{p-c}\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2b\\\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge2c\\\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2a\end{cases}}\) :))) 

                                  Lời giải

Theo đề bài thì \(p=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\Rightarrow p-a=\frac{a+b+c}{2}-a=\frac{b+c-a}{2}\)

Tương tự: \(p-b=\frac{c+a-b}{2};p-c=\frac{a+b-c}{2}\)

Ta cần c/m: \(\frac{2}{b+c-a}+\frac{2}{c+a-b}+\frac{2}{a+b-c}\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

Ta có: \(VT=\left(\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{c+a-b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{c+a-b}+\frac{1}{a+b-c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\right)\)

\(\ge\frac{4}{2c}+\frac{4}{2a}+\frac{4}{2b}=2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)

Ta có:\(p-a=\frac{a+b+c}{2}-a=\frac{b+c-a}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{p-a}=\frac{2}{b+c-a}\)

Tương tự ta có:

\(\frac{1}{p-b}=\frac{2}{a+c-b}\)

\(\frac{1}{p-c}=\frac{2}{a+b-c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{p-a}+\frac{1}{p-b}+\frac{1}{p-c}=2\left(\frac{1}{a+c-b}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+b-c}\right)\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng engel ta có:

\(\frac{1}{b+c-a}=\frac{\left(1+1-1\right)^2}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{a}\)

Tương tự,ta có:

\(\frac{1}{a+b-c}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{c}\)

\(\frac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{b}\)

Cộng vế theo vế ta được:

\(\frac{1}{p-a}+\frac{1}{p-b}+\frac{1}{p-c}\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^{đpcm}\)

áp dụng BĐT 1/x+1/y>=4/x+y ấy

vì a b c là 3 cạnh của 1 tam giác nên a b c dương \(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}\)\(\frac{b^2}{c+a}\)\(\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)dương 

chu vi của tam giác có cạnh a b c là 4 nên a+b+c=4

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}>=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{b+c+c+a+a+b}\)(bđt cauchy schwat dạng engel)

\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{4^2}{4\cdot2}=\frac{16}{8}=2\)

dấu = xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{c+a}=\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=\frac{4}{3}\)

vậy \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}>=2\)dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=\(\frac{4}{3}\)

cảm ơn bạn nha