Câu 5 : 

Phương pháp : Cho từ từ dung dịch $H_2SO_4$ đặc vào nước. Tuyệt đối không làm ngược lại do gây nguy hiểm.

Câu 6 : 

a) $n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$

$b) n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,1.342 = 34,2(gam)$

c)$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$1600\ ml = 1,6\ lít$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,3}{1,6} = 0,1875M$

d) $n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)$

Câu 5: Bn có thể vào xem SGK lớp 9 nhé

Câu 6:

Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

a. PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\)

b. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Đổi 1600ml = 1,6 lít

=> \(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{1,6}=0,1875M\)

c. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(lít\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{20.50}{100}=10\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C\%\left(dd.sau.khi.pha\right)=\dfrac{10}{50}.100\%=20\%\)

\(m_{H_2O\left(thêm\right)}=50-20=30\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{150.8\%}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

0,3              0,15            0,15         0,3

\(m_{HCl}=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,7.100}{4,9}=300\left(g\right)\)

\(b,m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,15.142=21,3\left(g\right)\)

\(c,C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{21,3}{150+300}.100\%=4,733\%\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + H₂SO₄ ---> ZnSO₄ + H₂

         0,2--->0,2--------->0,2------>0,2

\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{20\%}=98\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98}{1,14}=86\left(ml\right)=0,086\left(l\right)\\ \rightarrow C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,086}=2,33M\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{10,8}{24}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\) 
           0,45     0,45                          0,45 
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,45.98=44,1\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{44,1}{176,4}.100\%=25\%\\ V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)

\(H_2SO_4+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+CO_2+H_2O\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,024.0,1=0,0024\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(CM_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{0,0024}{0,002}=1,2M\)

a)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ --> FeSO₄ + H₂

             0,4<--0,4<--------------0,4

=> m_Fe = 0,4.56 = 22,4 (g)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{28,8}.100\%=77,78\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-77,78\%=22,22\%\)

b) \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2.100}{17}=\dfrac{3920}{17}\left(g\right)\)

`Mg + H_2 SO_4 -> MgSO_4 + H_2`

`2/15`       `2/15`                               `2/15`          `(mol)`

`n_[Mg] = [ 3,2 ] / 24 = 2 / 15 (mol)`

`a)V_[H_2] = 2 / 15 . 22,4 ~~ 2,99(l)`

`b)m_[dd H_2 SO_4] = [ 2 / 15 . 98 ] / 20 . 100 ~~ 65,3(g)`