1.Áp dụng định lý Fermat nhỏ.

1) \(a^5-a=a\left(a^4-1\right)=a\left(a^2-1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\)

\(=\left(a-1\right)a\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-4+5\right)\)

\(=\left(a-1\right)a\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-4\right)+5\left(a-1\right)a\left(a+1\right)\)

\(=\left(a-2\right)\left(a-1\right)a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)+5\left(a-1\right)a\left(a+1\right)⋮5\)

Vì \(\left(a-2\right)\left(a-1\right)a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)⋮5\)( tích 5 số nguyên liên tiếp chia hết cho 5)

và \(5\left(a-1\right)a\left(a+1\right)⋮5\)

=> \(a^5-a⋮5\)

Nếu \(a^5⋮5\)=> a chia hết cho 5

Cách 2

\(a^5-a=a\left(a^4-1\right)=a\left(a^2-1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\)

\(=a\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\)

Do a nguyên nên a có 5 dạng:\(5k;5k+1;5k+2;5k+3;5k+4\)

Nếu \(a=5k\Rightarrow a^5-a=5k\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)⋮5\)

Nếu \(a=5k+1\Rightarrow a^5-a=a\cdot5k\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)⋮5\)

Nếu \(a=5k+2\Rightarrow a^5-a=a\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(25k^2+20k+5\right)⋮5\)

Nếu \(a=5k+3\Rightarrow a^5-a=a\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(25k^2+30k+10\right)⋮5\)

Nếu \(a=5k+4\Rightarrow a^5-a=a\left(a-1\right)\left(5k+5\right)\left(a^2+1\right)⋮5\)

Vậy \(a^5-a⋮5\)

Bài 1:

a)

\(\overline{abcd}=100\overline{ab}+\overline{cd}\)

\(=100.2\overline{cd}+\overline{cd}\)

\(=201\overline{cd}\)

Mà \(201⋮67\)

\(\Rightarrow\overline{abcd}⋮67\)

b)

\(\overline{abc}=100\overline{a}+10\overline{b}+\overline{c}\)

\(=\left(100\overline{b}+10\overline{c}+\overline{a}\right)+\left(99\overline{a}-90\overline{b}-9\overline{c}\right)\)

\(=\overline{bca}+9\left[\left(12\overline{a}-9\overline{b}\right)-\left(\overline{a}+\overline{b}+\overline{c}\right)\right]\)

\(=\overline{bca}+27\left(4\overline{a}-3\overline{b}\right)-\left(\overline{a}+\overline{b}+\overline{c}\right)⋮27\)

\(\Rightarrow\overline{bca}-\left(\overline{a}+\overline{b}+\overline{c}\right)⋮27\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overline{bca}⋮27\\\overline{a}+\overline{b}+\overline{c}⋮27\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\overline{bca}⋮27\)

Bài 2:

\(\overline{abcd}=\overline{ab}.100+\overline{cd}\)

\(=\overline{ab}.99+\overline{ab}+\overline{cd}\)

\(=\overline{ab}.11.99+\left(\overline{ab}+\overline{cd}\right)\)

Mà \(11⋮11\)

\(\Rightarrow\overline{ab}.11.9⋮11\)

\(\Rightarrow\overline{abcd}⋮11\).

Các bạn giải nhanh cho mình nhé. Thanks!

mk cung dang mac bai nay nen mong nhieu bn giup do chi nha !

Đang định hỏi thì ....

Ta có: a + b = 1 ⇔ b = 1 – a

Thay vào bất đẳng thức a2 + b2 ≥ 1/2 , ta được:

a2 + (1 – a)2 ≥ 1/2 ⇔ a2 + 1 – 2a + a2 ≥ 1/2

⇔ 2a2 – 2a + 1 ≥ 1/2 ⇔ 4a2 – 4a + 2 ≥ 1

⇔ 4a2 – 4a + 1 ≥ 0 ⇔ (2a – 1)2 ≥ 0 (luôn đúng)

Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh

\(a+b=1=>b=1-a\)

\(=>a^2+\left(1-a\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(=>a^2+1-2a+a^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2a+2a^2+1\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-2a+2a^2+1\right).2\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-4a+4a^2+2\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-4a+4a^2+1\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a-1\right)^2\ge0\left(đúng\right)\)

\(''=''\left(khi\right)2a-1=0=>a=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+a^2+b^2\ge2ab+a^2+b^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

\(a+b=1\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, ta có:

\(\dfrac{a^2}{1}+\dfrac{b^2}{1}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) ( đpcm )