2. Listen to the following interview with Lana Russel, a social worker in India. Fill each of the gaps in the notes with NO MORE THAN THREE words and/or a number. You will listen TWICE.

 THE WORLD’S SLUMS
- Slums = overcrowded sections of a city where people live in or near (1) _____________
- 2012: 33% of (2) _____________ live in slums
- Biggest slum in the world: Neza-Chalco-Itza in (3) _____________: 4 million people
- Biggest slum in Asia: Dharavi in India: (4) _____________ people
- A major cause of slums: (5) _____________ immigration.

V. Match the two parts of the sentences. A B 1. overcrowded 2. spacious 3. slum 4. poverty 5. megacity 6. malnutrition 7. density 8. population explosion 9. overpopulation 10. flea market a. the state of having very little money. b. a market usually held outdoors. c. a very large city, typically one with a population of over 10 million. an area of a city where living conditions are extremely bad. d. bad health that is the result of not having enough food. e. the number of people in a place in relation to its area. f. with too many people. g. large in size. h. a situation in which too many people live in a certain area. i. the sudden increase in the number of people in a country or in the world.

New York City (NYC) is considered as one of (1)    _________     (good) places to live in the world. The city of New York is (2)      ____________       (densely populated) in the US with a population of about 8.55 million spread over an area of 305 square miles. Although New York and San Francisco are probably two of (3)     ______     (iconic) cities in America, the former seems to attract more tourists thanks to a wide range of landscapes and activities it offers. In addition, its standard of living is also a strong point. It’s hard to believe, but rent is actually (4)      _________  (cheap) than other cities. It’s a fun fact that city life isn’t just (5) ________  (good), it’s (6)  _______ (lengthy): NYC residents live about two years (7)   _______  (long) than the national average. Remarkably, NYC has the second (8)  ______ (large) Jewish population in the world – a massive influence on the city’s identity. This is the city that most people surveyed said they would want to visit this year.

VII. Complete the passage with the words in the box, then answer the

       Brunei is one of the (31).................... countries in the world. Its population is only 25,000 and (32)........................... of them live in the capital city.  It is also the richest country in Asia and may be the richest country in the world because it has a lot of oil and (33)……..…….... gas  which it exports to Japan. Every week huge tankers carry oil and gas (34)…… the oil-fields of Brunei to Japan. The head of the state in Brunei is Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah. He is the richest man in the world. The Sultan has more than 200 cars and he also has hundreds of (35)..........

V. Read the passage and choose the correct word A, B, C or D to complete it.

Brunei is one of the smallest countries in the world. Its population (1) ____ only 25,000 and most of them live in Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city with the longest name in the world!) It is also the richest country in (2) ____ Asia and maybe the richest country in the world because it has a lot of oil and natural gas which it (3) ____ to Japan. Every week huge tankers carry oil and gas from the oil-fields of Brunei to Japan.

The head of the state in Brunei is Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah. He is on of the richest man in the world. He has two wives and (4) ____ lives in their own beautiful palace. The Sultan has more than 200 cars and he also has (5) ____ of horses.

1. A. has                    B. is                            C.  are                        D have

2. A. a                        B. an                           C.  the                        D. no article

3. A. exports             B. buys                       C.  imports                 D. produces

4. A. either                B. every                     C. each                       D. neither

5. A. hundreds          B. hundred                 C. a hundred              D. one hundred

. Rearrange the words to make meaningful sentences.
30. New York/ the/ but/ is/ city/ the USA/ the/ in/ not/ biggest/capital./
A. New York is the  capital  in the USA  but   not the biggest city.
B. New York is the biggest city in the USA  but   not the capital
C. New York in the USA is the biggest city   not but    the capital 
D. New York  but not the capital is the biggest city in the USA  .
31. English/ an/language/ Malaysia,/ India/ many/ is/ official/ in/ and/ other countries./
A. English is an official language in  Malaysia ,India and many other countries
B. English is an language official  in  Malaysia ,India and many other countries
C. An official language is English in  Malaysia ,India and many other countries
D. English is an official language in  Malaysia , and many other countries India.
32. English speakers/ increasing/ the/ of/ number/ world/ is/ the/ in/ fast./
A. The number of English speakers  is increasing fast in the world.
B. The number of English speakers in the world is increasing fast.
C. The number is increasing fast of English speakers in the world is increasing fast.
A. In the world the English speakers of number is increasing fast.
43. whereas/ capital/ of/ the/ London/ of/ Edinburgh/ capital/ England/ the/ is/ is/ Scotland./
A. Edinburgh is the capital of England whereas London is the capital of Scotland.
B. Edinburgh is the capital of England whereas London is the capital of Scotland.
C. Edinburgh is the capital of England whereas London is the capital of Scotland.
D. London  is the capital of England whereas Edinburgh  is the capital of Scotland.

Exercise 4. Complete the passage. Use the superlative of the words in brackets. 

Tokyo has a population of 35 million people. It is the (1)___________ (large) city in the world. It is also one of the (2)____________ (exciting). Everything moves fast here. It has one of the (3)_______ (big) and (4)_______ (busy) railway systems in the world. Every day, 11 million commuters use it to get to and from work. People earn the (5)________ (high) salaries, and they spend the (6)______ (much) money. They wear the (7)_______ (late) fashions and have the (8)______ (up-to-date) phones. It is the world’s (9)_________ (expensive) city. The (10)____ (beautiful) time of year to visit Tokyo is spring, when the famous cherry blossom is on the trees. 

Complete the sentences by filling in each blank with the correct form of the word in italic. The number 0 has been done for you as an example. (20 pts)

Judo is a sport that has achieved great popularity in many parts of the world. It was (1. origin) ___________ developed in Japan in the late 19th century based on ancient methods of self-defence. There are two (2. fight)___________  . Although they use physical (3. violent) ___________  against each other, they are respectful to their (4. oppose)___________  and bow to each other before and after each contest. Judo is an (5. expense)___________  sport to take up because the only equipment you need is the special loose-fitting suit. It is very suitable for (6. young)___________  if they join a club where the (7. instruct)___________  are properly qualified and pay enough attention to safety. Although Judo is a physically (8. demand)___________  sport which requires a lot of (9. strong) ___________ ,practice, and skill, there are many people who find it (10. enjoy)___________  as a means of relaxation in their spare time.

III.      Read the article about the Mandarin Chinese language and complete the notes below. Use a maximum of TWO words or a number in each gap.

The World’s Most Spoken Language

There are about 6,900 languages spoken in the world. The number of speakers of these languages goes from tiny to very large. One of those languages which have a very large number of speakers is Mandarin Chinese with nearly 1 billion speakers! It’s only one of 297 languages that people speak in China, but it’s by far the biggest. About 70% of the population speak it, compared to the 6.5% that speak the next biggest language, Wu.

Language experts think that it spread to so many people in China because it’s a language from the north of the country. There aren’t as many mountains in the north so it was easier for people to travel and for the language to travel too.

The Chinese government uses Mandarin in most of the country, especially in the capital city, Beijing. In Hong Kong and Macau, however, government officials can also use Cantonese. No other languages are used by the government.

The Mandarin vocabulary is quite large. It has more words than French, for example (370,000 words compared to around 350,000), but fewer than English, which has around 470,000 words.

Many students of Mandarin find the grammar quite easy, but the pronunciation is more of a problem.

The Mandarin Language

Almost ¹________________ people have Mandarin as a native language.

There are ²________________ languages spoken in China.

Around ³________________% of Chinese people speak Mandarin Chinese.

Geography of China: The south of China has more ⁴________________ than the north.

The Government uses ⁵________________ official languages.

The vocabulary of Mandarin contains around ⁶________________ words