\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1         0,2          0,1          0,1

\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,2\right).36,5=10,95g\\ b)m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7g\\ c)V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ d)C_{\%HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{10,95}{200}\cdot100=5,475\%\\ C_{\%HCl\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{200}\cdot100=3,65\%\)

a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

          0,1-->0,2------>0,1--->0,1

=> \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)

b) m_{dd sau pư} = 5,6 + 200 - 0,1.2 = 205,4 (g)

=> \(C\%=\dfrac{12,7}{205,4}.100\%=6,18\%\)

\(nFe=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

 1         2            1             1  (mol)

0,1     0,2          0,1         0,1     (mol)

m muối là mFeCl2

=> \(mFeCl_2=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)

\(VH_2=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(VHCl=100ml=0,1\left(l\right)\)

\(CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{nHCl}{VHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Fe + H₂SO₄ \(\rightarrow\) FeSO₄ + H₂

de: 0,1\(\rightarrow\) 0,1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,1 (mol)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8g\)

a, \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{20}.100=49g\)

b, \(V_{H_2}=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)

c, \(m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2g\)

\(m_{ddspu}=49+5,6-2=52,6g\)

\(C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{15,2}{52,6}.100\%\approx28,9\%\)

BÀI 1

1

10 oxit: 

`CO` (cacbon monooxit)

`CO_2` (cacbon dioxit)

`SO_2` (lưu huỳnh dioxit)

`Na_2O` (natri oxit)

`MgO` (magie oxit)

`CaO` (canxi oxit)

`Al_2O_3` (nhôm oxit)

`CuO` (đồng II oxit)

`BaO` (bari oxit)

`P_2O_5` (photpho bentoxit)

2

10 muối:

`Na_2CO_3` (natri cabonat)

`K_2CO_3` (kali cacbonat)

`MgCO_3` (magie cacbonat)

`NaHCO_3` (natri hidrocacbonat)

`KHCO_3` (kali hidrocacbonat)

`MgSO_3` (magie sunfit)

`BaCO_3` (bari cacbonat)

\(Ba\left(HCO_3\right)_2\) (bari hidrocacbonat)

`CaCO_3` (canxi cacbonat)

`CaSO_3` (canxit sunfit)

3

8 axit:

`H_2SO_4` (axit sunfuric)

`HCl` (axit clohidric)

`HNO_3` (axit nitric)

`H_3PO_4` (axit photphoric)

`HCN` (axit hidrocyanic)

`HF` (axit hydrofluoric)

`HBr` (axit bromhydric)

`H_2CO_3` (axit cacbonic)

10 bazo:

`NaOH` (natri hidroxit)

`KOH` (kali hidroxit)

\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(bari.hidroxit\right)\\ Ca\left(OH\right)_2\left(caxi.hidroxit\right)\\ Mg\left(OH\right)_2\left(magie.hidroxit\right)\\ Al\left(OH\right)_3\left(nhôm.hidroxit\right)\)

\(CuOH\left(đồng.I.hidroxit\right)\\ Cu\left(OH\right)_2\left(đồng.II.hidroxit\right)\)

\(Fe\left(OH\right)_2\left(sắt.II.hidroxit\right)\\ Fe\left(OH\right)_3\left(sắt.III.hidroxit\right)\)

Bài 2

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

a \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,1---->0,2----->0,1----->0,1

Xét \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{2}\Rightarrow\) HCl dư

b \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

c

Chất tan sau phản ứng: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl.dư}=0,6-0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{HCl.dư}=0,2.3,65=7,3\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

d, \(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{200}.100\%=9,125\%\)

\(a.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,2mol\\ m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,2\right).36,5=10,95\%\\ b)n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,1mol\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.12,7g\\ c)V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ d)C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{200}\cdot100=3,65\%\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(Fr+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

0,1     0,2           0,1        0,1 

\(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\)

--> Tính theo Fe 

HCl dư 

\(a,m_{HCldư}=\left[0,5.\left(0,1.2\right)\right].36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)

\(b,m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)

\(c,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(d,m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{200}.100\%=9,125\%\)

\(b,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{50,4}{56}=0,9(mol)\\ PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,3.232=69,6(g)\\ c,PTHH:Fe_3O_4+8HCl\xrightarrow{t^o}FeCl_2+2FeCl_3+4H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{FeCl_2}=0,3(mol);n_{FeCl_3}=0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\text {muối}}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{FeCl_3}=0,3.127+0,6.162,5=135,6(g)\)

Ta có : \(n_{Fe} = \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)\)

\(Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\)

Theo PTHH : 

\(n_{FeCl_2} = n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = 0,2(mol)\)

Suy ra : 

\(V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)\\ m_{FeCl_2} = 0,2.127 = 25,4(gam)\)

PTPỨ: Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2mol\)

Theo phương trình ta có: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0.2mol\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.24=0,2.24=4,8l\)

b, Theo phương trình: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.36,5=7,3g\)

\(a,2KMnO_4+16HCl_{đặc}\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2FeCl_3\\ Ta.có:n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{39}{162,5}=0,24\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,24\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,24=0,36\left(mol\right)\\ n_{K_2MnO_4}=\dfrac{2}{5}.0,36=0,144\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{16}{5}.0.36=1,152\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow a=m_{KMnO_4}=0,144.158=22,752\left(g\right)\\ b=C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{1,152}{0,1}=11,52\left(M\right)\\ x=m_{Fe}=0,24.56=13,44\left(g\right)\\ V=V_{Cl_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,36.22,4=8,064\left(l\right) \)

\(b,n_{KCl}=n_{MnCl_2}=\dfrac{2}{5}.0,36=0,144\left(mol\right)\\ KCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow AgCl\downarrow\left(trắng\right)+KNO_3\\ MnCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow2AgCl\downarrow\left(trắng\right)+Mn\left(NO_3\right)_2\\ n_{AgNO_3}=n_{AgCl}=n_{KCl}+2.n_{MnCl_2}=0,144+2.0,144=0,432\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AgCl\downarrow\left(trắng\right)}=143,5.0,432=61,992\left(g\right)\\ m_{AgNO_3}=0,432.170=73,44\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ddAgNO_3}=\dfrac{73,44.100}{5}=1468,8\left(g\right)\)