a)  \(\frac{y+z+1}{x}=\frac{x+z+2}{y}=\frac{x+y-3}{z}=\frac{y+z+1+x+z+2+x+y-3}{x+y+z}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=\frac{1}{2}\)(do 1/(x+y+z)=2)

\(\Rightarrow y+z=\frac{1}{2}-x;z+x=\frac{1}{2}-y;x+y=\frac{1}{2}-z\)

Thay vào lần lượt ta có:

\(\frac{\frac{1}{2}-x+1}{x}=2\)\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\frac{\frac{1}{2}-y+2}{y}=2\)\(\Rightarrow y=\frac{5}{6}\)

\(\frac{\frac{1}{2}-z-3}{z}=2\)\(\Rightarrow z=-\frac{5}{6}\)

\(M^2=\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}+\frac{2xy}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{2yz}{\sqrt{zx}}+\frac{2xz}{\sqrt{yz}}=\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}+\frac{2x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}+\frac{2y\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}\)

Áp dụng bđt Cô-si: \(\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}+\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}+z\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{x^2}{y}.\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}.\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}.z}=4x\)

tương tự \(\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{y\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{y\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}}+x\ge4y\);\(\frac{z^2}{x}+\frac{z\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{z\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}+y\ge4z\)

=>\(M^2+x+y+z\ge4\left(x+y+z\right)\Rightarrow M^2\ge3\left(x+y+z\right)\ge3.12=36\Rightarrow M\ge6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=4

Vậy minM=6 khi x=y=z=4

b1: Áp dụng bđt Cauchy Schwarz dạng Engel ta được:

\(P=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{x+z}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+z+x+z+y+y}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\)

=>minP=1 <=> x=y=z=2/3

a) \(A=\frac{2}{x-y}+\frac{2}{y-z}+\frac{2}{z-x}+\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)

         \(=\frac{2\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)+2\left(x-y\right)\left(z-x\right)+2\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)

           \(=\frac{\left[\left(x-y\right)+\left(y-z\right)+\left(z-x\right)\right]^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y+y-z+z-x\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}=0\)

Áp dụng: \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\)

b)Ta có: \(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+x=\frac{x^2+x\left(y+z\right)}{y+z}=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{y+z}=\frac{x\left(x+y+z\right)}{y+z}\)

    Tương tự:   \(\frac{y^2}{x+z}+y=\frac{y^2+xy+zy}{x+z}=\frac{y\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+z}\)

                \(\frac{z^2}{x+y}+z=\frac{z^2+xz+zy}{x+y}=\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y}\)

Suy ra: \(A+\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(=\frac{x\left(x+y+z\right)}{y+z}+\frac{y\left(x+y+z\right)}{z+x}+\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y}+\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}+1\right)\)

  \(=2.\left(x+y+z\right)\)

Nên \(A=2.\left(x+y+z\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)=x+y+z\)

Mình có sai chỗ nào không nhỉ?

Lời giải:

Từ \(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow \left(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}\right)(x+y+z)=x+y+z\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{x}{y+z}(y+z)+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{y}{z+x}(z+x)+\frac{z^2}{x+y}+\frac{z}{x+y}(x+y)=x+y+z\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}+(x+y+z)=x+y+z\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}=0\)

Vậy $M=0$

\(\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}\right)\left(x+y+z_{ }\right)=x+y+z\)+z

\(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+x+\frac{y^2}{x+z}+y+\frac{z^2}{x+y}+z=x+y+z\)

suy ra S=0

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}\right).\left(x+y+z\right)=x+y+z\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+x\left(z+x\right)}{y+z}+\frac{y^2+y\left(x+z\right)}{x+z}+\frac{z^2+z\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}=x+y+z\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{y+z}+x+\frac{y^2}{x+z}+y+\frac{z^2}{x+y}+z=x+y+z\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{x+z}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}=0\)