Vì khi pha loãng dung dịch thì số mol chất tan không đổi nên:

      n KOH   ban   đầu   =   n KOH   lúc   sau

Gọi V là thể tích dung dịch sau khi pha loãng.

Ta có: V   =   n / C M   =   0 , 15 / 0 , 1   =   1 , 5   ( lít )   =   1500   ( ml )

Vậy thể tích nước cần thêm vào là:

    1500 – 500 = 1000 (ml).

`n_[KOH]=0,4.4=1,6(mol)`

`V_[KOH]=[1,6]/[3,2]=0,5(l)=500(ml)`

`=>V_[H_2 O]=500-400=100(mol)`

\(m_{NaOH\left(35\%\right)}=100.35\%=35\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddNaOH\left(20\%\right)}=\dfrac{35}{20}.100=175\left(g\right)\)

⇒ m_{nước thêm vào} = 175-100 = 75(g)

_{Vnước thêm vào} = 75.1 = 75 (ml)

Câu 4:

\(n_{HCl}=4.2,75=11\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(V_{ddHCl\left(2M\right)}=\dfrac{n_{HCl\left(1\right)}}{2}\left(l\right);V_{ddHCl\left(3M\right)}=\dfrac{n_{HCl\left(2\right)}}{3}\left(l\right)\)

  \(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl\left(2M\right)}+V_{ddHCl\left(3M\right)}=\dfrac{n_{HCl\left(1\right)}}{2}+\dfrac{n_{HCl\left(2\right)}}{3}\)

  \(\Leftrightarrow4=\dfrac{3n_{HCl\left(1\right)}+2n_{HCl\left(2\right)}}{6}\Leftrightarrow3n_{HCl\left(1\right)}+2n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=24\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}+n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=11\\3n_{HCl\left(1\right)}+2n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=24\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2\\n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=9\end{matrix}\right.\)

  \(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl\left(2M\right)}=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\left(l\right);V_{ddHCl\left(3M\right)}=\dfrac{9}{3}=3\left(l\right)\)

Câu 3:

\(m_{NaOH}=35.100\%=35\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2O\left(thêm\right)}=a\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{35}{100+a}.100\%=20\%\\ \Leftrightarrow a=75\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2O\left(thêm\right)}=\dfrac{75}{1}=75\left(ml\right)\)

Câu 4:

\(Đặt:V_{ddHCl\left(pha.thêm2M\right)}=a\left(l\right)\\ V_{ddHCl\left(pha.thêm3M\right)}=b\left(l\right)\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+3b}{a+b}=2,75\left(1\right)\\ Mà:a+b=4\left(2\right)\\ Từ\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\left(l\right)\\b=3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy cần pha 1 lít dung dịch HCl 2M vào 3 lít dung dịch HCl 3M để thu được 4 lít dung dịch HCl 2,75M 

Chúc em học tốt!

a, \(\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,5.2.0,1+0,5.0,1}{0,1+0,1}=0,75M\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{10^{-12}}{75}M\)

\(\Rightarrow pH=-log\left[H^+\right]\approx13,88\)

b, Dung dịch kiềm làm sao trung hòa được.

Câu 5:

\(Đặt:V_{H_2O}=a\left(l\right)\left(a>0\right)\\ n_{KOH}=160.2,4=384\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:C_{MddKOH\left(cuối\right)}=2\left(M\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{384}{160+a}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow a=32\left(lít\right)\)

Vậy cần thêm 32 lít H₂O

Câu 7:

\(m_{NaOH}=200.35\%=70\left(g\right)\)

Ta có:\(m_{ddNaOH\left(20\%\right)}=\dfrac{m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}.100}{20};m_{ddNaOH\left(40\%\right)}=\dfrac{m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}.100}{40}\)

  \(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH\left(20\%\right)}+_{ddNaOH\left(40\%\right)}=\dfrac{m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}.100}{20}+\dfrac{m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}.100}{40}\)

   \(\Leftrightarrow400=10m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}+5m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}+m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}=70\\10m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}+5m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}=400\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}=10\\m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}=60\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH\left(20\%\right)}=\dfrac{10.100}{20}=50\left(g\right);m_{ddNaOH\left(40\%\right)}=\dfrac{60.100}{40}=150\left(g\right)\)

a) mKOH(A)=150.5%=7,5 gam
Gọi mdd KOH 12% thêm=a gam
=>mKOH thêm=0,12a gam
tổng mKOH=0,12a+7,5 gam
mdd KOH=a+150 gam
C%dd KOH sau=(0,12a+7,5)/(a+150).100%=10%
=>a=375 gam
b)Gọi mKOH thêm=b gam
tổng mKOH sau=b+7,5 gam
mdd KOH sau=b+150 gam
C% dd KOH sau=10%
=>0,1(b+150)=b+7,5
=>b=8,3333 gam
c)Làm bay hơi=> Gọi mH2O tách ra=c gam
mdd sau=150-c gam
mKOH sau=7,5 gam
C% dd KOH sau=7,5/(150-c).100%=10%
=>c=75 gam
=>mdd KOH 10% sau=75 gam

 

thanks bạn

\(a,PTHH:KOH+HNO_3\rightarrow KNO_3+H_2O\\ b,n_{HNO_3}=3\cdot0,15=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{KOH}=n_{HNO_3}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{KOH}}=0,45\cdot56=25,2\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{25,2\cdot100\%}{25\%}=100,8\left(g\right)\\ c,V_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{m_{dd_{KOH}}}{D}=\dfrac{100,8}{2,12}\approx47,5\left(ml\right)\)