\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2yz=2\)

\(\Rightarrow2\ge3x^2+2y^2+2z^2+y^2+z^2\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow2\ge3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)

Có: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\le2\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(A^2\le2\) \(\Leftrightarrow A\in\left[-\sqrt{2};\sqrt{2}\right]\)

minA=-1\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=-\sqrt{2}\\x=y=z\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Rightarrow x=y=z=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)

maxA=1\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=\sqrt{2}\\x=y=z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)

Biểu thức này chỉ có GTLN, ko có GTNN

Theo giả thiết xy + yz + zx = 1 nên ta có: \(VT=\frac{1}{1+x^2}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}+\frac{1}{1+z^2}=\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+x^2}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+z^2}=\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)Theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)^2\le\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{y}{1+y^2}+\frac{z}{1+z^2}\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\right)=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)^3\le\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)\)Ta cần chứng minh: \(\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)\)

hay \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)

Bất đẳng thức cuối đúng theo AM - GM do: \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}.\frac{y}{x+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}.\frac{z}{z+y}}\le\frac{\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+y}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{z}{z+y}\right)}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

Bài 1:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

\(9=x+y+xy+1=(x+1)(y+1)\leq \left(\frac{x+y+2}{2}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow 4\leq x+y\)

Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

\(x^3+4x\geq 4x^2; y^3+4y\geq 4y^2\)

\(\frac{x}{4}+\frac{1}{x}\geq 1; \frac{y}{4}+\frac{1}{y}\geq 1\)

\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+x^2+y^2+5(x+y)+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\geq 5(x^2+y^2)+\frac{3}{4}(x+y)+2\)

Mà:

\(5(x^2+y^2)\geq 5.\frac{(x+y)^2}{2}\geq 5.\frac{4^2}{2}=40\)

\(\frac{3}{4}(x+y)\geq \frac{3}{4}.4=3\)

\(\Rightarrow A= x^3+y^3+x^2+y^2+5(x+y)+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\geq 40+3+2=45\)

Vậy \(A_{\min}=45\Leftrightarrow x=y=2\)

Bài 2:

\(B=\frac{a^2}{a-1}+\frac{2b^2}{b-1}+\frac{3c^2}{c-1}\)

\(B-24=\frac{a^2}{a-1}-4+\frac{2b^2}{b-1}-8+\frac{3c^2}{c-1}-12\)

\(=\frac{a^2-4a+4}{a-1}+\frac{2(b^2-4b+4)}{b-1}+\frac{3(c^2-4c+4)}{c-1}\)

\(=\frac{(a-2)^2}{a-1}+\frac{2(b-2)^2}{b-1}+\frac{3(c-2)^2}{c-1}\geq 0, \forall a,b,c>1\)

\(\Rightarrow B\geq 24\)

Vậy \(B_{\min}=24\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)

Bài 3:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho các số dương ta có:

\(4=2x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{y^2}{4}=x^2+x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{y^2}{4}\geq 4\sqrt[4]{\frac{x^2y^2}{4}}\)

\(\Rightarrow 4\geq x^2y^2\Rightarrow 2\geq xy\geq -2\)

Ta thấy khi $xy$ càng tiến về $0$ và dương thì $C=\frac{1}{xy}$ càng lớn. Do đó $C=\frac{1}{xy}$ không có GTLN.

câu 1 sai đề

\(\sqrt{x}+1chứkophải\sqrt{x+1}\)

\(\sqrt{1+a^2+\frac{a^2}{\left(a+1\right)^2}}=\frac{a^2+a+1}{\left(a+1\right)}\Rightarrow\sqrt{1+2012^2+\frac{2012^2}{2013^2}}+\frac{2012}{2013}=\frac{2013^2}{2013}=2013\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}=|x-1|+|x-2|=2013\)

giải tiếp nha