\(\Rightarrow\left(n+3\right)\left(n^3+2n^2+1\right)\) cũng là SCP

\(\Rightarrow4\left(n^4+5n^3+6n^2+n+3\right)\) là SCP

\(\Rightarrow4n^4+20n^3+24n^2+4n+12=k^2\)

Ta có:

\(4n^4+20n^3+24n^2+4n+12=\left(2n^2+5n-1\right)^2+3n^2+14n+11>\left(2n^2+5n-1\right)^2\)

\(4n^4+20n^3+24n^2+4n+12=\left(2n^2+5n+1\right)^2-\left(n-1\right)\left(5n+11\right)\le\left(2n^2+5n+1\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2n^2+5n-1\right)^2< k^2\le\left(2n^2+5n+1\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4n^4+20n^3+24n^2+4n+12=\left(2n^2+5n\right)^2\\4n^4+20n^3+24n^2+4n+12=\left(2n^2+5n+1\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}n^2-4n-12=0\\\left(n-1\right)\left(5n+11\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}n=1\\n=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay lại kiểm tra thấy đều thỏa mãn

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+22xy+141=4\left(x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)+7\left(x+3y\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy+11\right)^2+20=4\left(x+3y\right)^2+7\left(x+3y\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16\left(xy+11\right)^2+320=64\left(x+3y\right)^2+112\left(x+3y\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4xy+44\right)^2+369=\left(8x+24y+7\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(8x+24y-4xy-37\right)\left(8x+24y+4xy+51\right)=369\)

Pt ước số

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3y\right)^2+xy=\left(xy\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3y\right)^2=xy\left(xy-1\right)\)

Do \(xy\left(xy-1\right)\) là 2 số nguyên liên tiếp nên tích của chúng là SCP khi và chỉ khi: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy=0\\xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\) 

TH1: \(xy=0\Rightarrow4x^2+9y^2=0\Rightarrow x=y=0\)

TH2: \(xy=1\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;1\right);\left(-1;-1\right)\) thế vào pt đầu đều ko thỏa mãn

\(\Leftrightarrow4.25^x-4.5^x+1=4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2.5^x-1\right)^2=4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41\)

Ta có:

\(4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41=\left(2y^2+2y+2\right)^2+8y+37>\left(2y^2+2y+2\right)^2\)

\(4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41=\left(2y^2+2y+5\right)^2+4\left(y-1\right)\left(3y+4\right)\ge\left(2y^2+2y+5\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41=\left(2y^2+2y+3\right)^2\\4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41=\left(2y^2+2y+4\right)^2\\4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41=\left(2y^2+2y+5\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y^2-y-8=0\left(\text{không có nghiệm nguyên}\right)\\8y^2-25=0\left(\text{không có nghiệm nguyên}\right)\\\left(y-1\right)\left(3y+4\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Rightarrow y=1\)

Thế vào pt ban đầu: \(25^x-5^x=20\)

Đặt \(5^x=t>0\Rightarrow t^2-t-20=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=5\\t=-4\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow5^x=5\Rightarrow x=1\)