PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)  (1)

            \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)  (2)

a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) 

\(\Rightarrow m_{Na}=0,2\cdot23=4,6\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2O}=6,2\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH\left(1\right)}=n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,4\cdot40=16\left(g\right)\)

c) Theo các PTHH: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{Na}+n_{Na_2O}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,3\cdot18=5,4\left(g\right)\)

a) Gọi số mol Na, Ca là a, b (mol)

=> 23a + 40b = 8,3 (1)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O --> 2NaOH + H₂

              a--------------->a------>0,5a

             Ca + 2H₂O --> Ca(OH)₂ + H₂

              b--------------->b--------->b

=> \(n_{H_2}=0,5a+b=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,1; b = 0,15

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,1.23}{8,3}.100\%=27,71\%\\\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,15.40}{8,3}.100\%=72,29\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,15.74=11,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\ Đặt:n_{Na}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Ca}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23a+40b=8,3\\0,5a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Rightarrow\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,15.40}{8,3}.100\approx72,289\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Na}\approx27,711\%\\ b,n_{NaOH}=a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=b=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ m_{bazo}=m_{NaOH}+m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=40.0,1+74.0,15=15,1\left(g\right)\)

2Na+2H₂O->2NaOH+H₂

x------------------------------0,5x

Ca+2H₂O->Ca(OH)₂+H₂

y-------------------------------y 

Ta có :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23x+40y=8,3\\0,5x+y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>%mNa=\(\dfrac{0,1.23}{8,3}.100=27,71\%\)

=>%mCa=72,29%

b)m bazo=0,1.40+0,15.74=15,1g

\(a) Ca + 2H_2O \to Ca(OH)_2 + H_2\\ CaO + H_2O \to Ca(OH)_2\\ n_{Ca} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ m_{Ca} = 0,15.40 = 6(gam)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaO} = 17,2 - 6 = 11,2(gam)\\ b) n_{Ca(OH)_2} = n_{Ca} + n_{CaO} = 0,15 + \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,35(mol)\\ m_{Ca(OH)_2} = 0,35.74 = 25,9(gam)\)

a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\\ 2Al+2NaOH+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\)

Cho hỗn hợp tác dụng với NaOH, chất rắn không tan là Fe

=> m_Fe= 1,12 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\Sigma n_{H_2}-n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,065-0,02=0,045\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,03.27=0,81\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=41,97\%,\%m_{Fe}=58,03\%\)

b) \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,02.127=2,54\left(g\right)\\ m_{AlCl_3}=0,03.133,5=4,005\left(g\right)\)

2Na+2H2O--->2NaOH+H2

x----------------------------0,5x

2K+2H2O---->2KOH+H2

y--------------------------0,5y

a) n\(_{H2}=\frac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo bài ra ta có

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23x+39y=6,2\\0,5x+0,5y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

m\(_{Na}=0,1.23=2,3\left(g\right)\)

m\(_K=0,1.39=3,9\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo pthh

n\(_{kiềm}=n_{KL}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

m\(_{kiềm}=0,2\left(40+56\right)=19,2\left(g\right)\)