a) \(\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c-d}\) =>\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\)\(=\frac{a+b+a-b}{c+d+c-d}=\frac{2a}{2c}=\frac{a}{c}\)(1)

CMTT ta có: \(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+b-\left(a-b\right)}{c+d-\left(c-d\right)}\)\(=\frac{a+b-a+b}{c+d-c+d}=\frac{2b}{2d}=\frac{b}{d}\)(2)

Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\left(=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)\)=>\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)(ĐPCM)

khong giai b a

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*a/b=c/d=k=>a=bk;c=dk

Thay a=bk vào 2a+3b/2a-3b=2bk+3b/2bk-3b=2k+3/2k-3

Tương tự thay c=dk vào 2c+3d/2c-3d=2dk+3d/2dk-3d=2k+3/2k-3

=>2a+3b/2a-3b=2c+3d/2c-3d

*a/b=c/d=>a/c=b/d=k

=>k^2=a^2/c^2=c^2/d^2=a^2-b^2/c^2-d^2 (1)

k^2=a/c.b/d=ab/cd (2)

Từ (1) và (2)=>ab/cd=a^2-b^2/c^2-d^2

*a/b=c/d=>a/c=b/d=k=a+b/c+d

=>k^2=(a+b/c+d)^2 

k^2=a^2/c^2=b^2/d^2=a^2+b^2/c^2+d^2

=>(a+b/c+d)^2=a^2+b^2/c^2+d^2

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\left(k\in R\right)\)thì a = bk ; c = dk .Ta có :

 \(\frac{2a+3b}{2a-3b}=\frac{2bk+3b}{2bk-3b}=\frac{b\left(2k+3\right)}{b\left(2k-3\right)}=\frac{2k+3}{2k-3}\left(1\right)\)

 \(\frac{2c+3d}{2c-3d}=\frac{2dk+3d}{2dk-3d}=\frac{d\left(2k+3\right)}{d\left(2k-3\right)}=\frac{2k+3}{2k-3}\left(2\right)\)

 \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(3\right)\); \(\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\frac{b^2k^2-b^2}{d^2k^2-d^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2-1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(4\right)\)

\(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\frac{\left(bk+b\right)^2}{\left(dk+d\right)^2}=\frac{\left[b\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}{\left[d\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k+1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(5\right)\)

\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(6\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) , (3) và (4) , (5) và (6) , ta suy ra 3 tỉ lệ thức cần chứng minh từ tỉ lệ thức \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)

ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\approx\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)

áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có

\(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\approx\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c-d}\approx\frac{a-b}{a+d}=\frac{c-d}{c+d}\)

Vậy.........................................

\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{2c}{2d}=\frac{3c}{3d}\)

Áp dụng t/c của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau => \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{2c}{2d}=\frac{3c}{3d}=\frac{a+2c}{b+2d}=\frac{a-3c}{b-3d}\)

Vậy.....

\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{2a+b}{2c+d}=\frac{a-2b}{c-2d}\Rightarrow\frac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\frac{2c+d}{c-2d}\)

\(b\text{) }\left(a+2c\right)\left(b-d\right)=\left(a-c\right)\left(b+2d\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+2c}{a-c}=\frac{b+2d}{b-d}\)

-> Làm tương tự í trên

a/b=c/d

Theo tc dãy tỉ số=nhau:

a/b=c/d=a+c/b+d=a-c/b-d

=>a+c/a-c=b+d/b-d ( hoán vị trung tỉ)

=>đpcm

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow\)a=bk , c=dk

Ta có:

\(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{\left(bk+b\right)^2}{\left(dk+d\right)^2}=\)\(\frac{\left(b\left(k+1\right)\right)^2}{\left(d\left(k+1\right)\right)^2}=\frac{b^2\times\left(k+1\right)^2}{d^2\times\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)( 1 )

\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(bk\right)^2+b^2}{\left(dk\right)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2\times k^2+b^2}{d^2\times k^2+d^2}\)= \(\frac{b^2\times\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\times\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)( 2 )

Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) \(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)(dpcm)

* Giả sử tất cả các tỷ lệ thức đều có nghĩa.

\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}\times\frac{b}{d}=\frac{b}{d}\times\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{2ab}{2cd}\)

\(=\frac{a^2+2ab+b^2}{c^2+2cd+d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)(ĐPCM)