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a. Ag không phản ứng nên ta có PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2MgO\)

\(\rightarrow m_{O_2}=m_{hh}-m_{\mu\text{ối}}=18,8-15,6=3,2g\)

\(\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\frac{3,2}{32}=0,1mol\)

b. \(\rightarrow V_{O_2}=n.22,4=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)

\(\rightarrow V_{kk}=4,48.5=11,2l\)

c. Có \(n_{Mg}=2n_{O_2}=0,2l\)

\(\rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8g\)

\(\rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\frac{4,8.100}{15,6}\approx30,77\%\)

\(\rightarrow\%m_{Ag}=100\%-30,77\%=69,23\%\)

a)

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)

=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

             a--->0,75a----->0,5a

            2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

              b--->0,5b------->b

=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2

=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)

n_O2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)

=> V_O2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

=> V_kk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)

c) 

m_Al = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)

m_Mg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)

a)

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)

=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

             a--->0,75a----->0,5a

            2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

              b--->0,5b------->b

=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2

=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)

n_O2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)

=> V_O2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

=> V_kk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)

c) 

m_Al = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)

m_Mg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\x_{Ca}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+40y=17,6\\x=2y\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a)\(m_{Mg}=0,4\cdot24=9,6g\)

   \(m_{Ca}=0,2\cdot40=8g\)

b)\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)

   \(2Ca+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CaO\)

Từ hai pt: \(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Ca}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,4+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,2=0,3mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,3\cdot32=9,6g\)

\(V_{O_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot6,72=33,6l\)

a) 

Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24.n_{Mg}+40.n_{Ca}=17,6\\n_{Mg}=2.n_{Ca}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ca}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,4.24=9,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

PTHH: 2Ca + O₂ --t^o--> 2CaO 

            0,2-->0,1

             2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

            0,4--->0,2

=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

\(V_{kk}=6,72.5=33,6\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=7.2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7.2}{32}=0.225\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.225\cdot22.4=25.2\left(l\right)\)

\(Đặt:n_{Mg}a\left(mol\right),n_{Cu}=b\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right)\)

\(Mg+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}MgO\)

\(Cu+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CuO\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2Al_2O_3\)

\(TC:n_{O_2}=0.5a=0.5b=0.75c=\dfrac{0.225}{3}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.15\\b=0.15\\c=0.1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0.15\cdot24=3.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0.15\cdot64=9.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Fe hóa trị mấy để tạo ra h/c

\(m_{Fe}=32.70\%=22,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Mg}=32-22,4=9,6\left(g\right)\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ 3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\\ 2Mg+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2MgO\\ n_{O_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{Fe}+\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,4+\dfrac{1}{2}.0,4=\dfrac{7}{15}\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{7}{15}.22,4=\dfrac{784}{75}\left(l\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{784}{75}.\dfrac{100}{20}=\dfrac{784}{15}\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,4=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{rắn}=m_{Fe_3O_4}+m_{MgO}=\dfrac{232.2}{15}+0,4.40=\dfrac{704}{15}\left(g\right)\)

\(a,m_{Fe}=\%Fe.m_{hh}=70\%.32=22,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=m_{hh}-m_{Fe}=32-22,4=9,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\left(1\right)\)

\(PTHH:2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\left(2\right)\)

\(Theo.PTHH\left(1\right):n_{O_2\left(Fe\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,4=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(Theo.PTHH\left(2\right):n_{O_2\left(Mg\right)}=2n_{Mg}=2.0,4=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(tổng\right)}=n_{O_2\left(Fe\right)}+n_{O_2\left(Mg\right)}=\dfrac{4}{15}+0,8=\dfrac{16}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=\dfrac{16}{15}.22,4=\dfrac{1792}{75}\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=\dfrac{1792}{75}.5=\dfrac{1792}{15}\left(l\right)\)