Bài 3:

a,Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{64}\)

A = \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\)

2A = \(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\)

2A + A = \(\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\right)\)

3A = \(1-\frac{1}{2^6}\)

=> 3A < 1 

=> A < \(\frac{1}{3}\)(đpcm)

b, Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

3A = \(1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)

3A + A = \(\left(1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)

4A = \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

=> 4A < \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)       (1)

Đặt B = \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)

3B = \(3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)

3B + B = \(\left(3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)

4B = \(3-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)

=> 4B < 3

=> B < \(\frac{3}{4}\)   (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra 4A < B < \(\frac{3}{4}\)=> A < \(\frac{3}{16}\)(đpcm)

bài 1:

5n+7 chia hết cho 3n+2

=> [3(5n+7) - 5(3n + 2)] chia hết cho 3n+2

=> (15n + 21 - 15n - 10) chia hết cho 3n+2

=> 11 chia hết cho 3n + 2

=> 3n + 2 thuộc Ư(11) = {1;-1;11;-11}

Ta có bảng:

Vậy n = {-1;3}

Bài 2:

1, chữ số tận cùng

a, Xét 7¹⁹⁹⁹

Ta có: 7¹⁹⁹⁹ = 7¹⁹⁹⁶.7³ = (7⁴)⁴⁹⁹.343 = (...1)⁴⁹⁹.343 = (....1).343 = ....3 (1)

Vậy số 57¹⁹⁹⁹ có tận cùng là 3

b, Xét 3¹⁹⁹⁹

Ta có: 3¹⁹⁹⁹ = 3¹⁹⁹⁶.3³ = (3⁴)⁴⁹⁹.27 = (...1)⁴⁹⁹.27 = (...1) . 27 = ....7  (2)

Vậy số 93¹⁹⁹⁹ có chữ số tận cùng là 7

2, 

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra A = 999993¹⁹⁹⁹ + 555557¹⁹⁹⁹ = ...7 + ...3 = ....0

Vì A có chữ số tận cùng là 0 nên A chia hết cho 5. 

trong câu hỏi tương tự

Ta có: 1/2^2 < 1/1.2

          1/3^2 < 1/2.3 

        .........................

.......................................

          1/100^2 < 1/99.100

Ta có: 1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 +......+1/100^2 < 1/1.2 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 + ...... + 1/99.100

          1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 +......+1/100^2 < 1 - 1/100

          1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 +......+1/100^2 < 99/100 < 3/4

         1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 +......+1/100^2 < 3/4

Ta có: 1/2^2 < 1/1.2

          1/3^2 < 1/2.3 

        .........................

.......................................

          1/100^2 < 1/99.100

Ta có: 1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 +......+1/100^2 < 1/1.2 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 + ...... + 1/99.100

          1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 +......+1/100^2 < 1 - 1/100

          1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 +......+1/100^2 < 99/100 < 3/4

         1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 +......+1/100^2 < 3/4

Ta có
\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(........\)
\(\frac{1}{8^2}< \frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{8^2}< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{8}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{8}=\frac{3}{8}\)
Mà \(\frac{3}{8}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow B< 1\)

Đặt A =\(\frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+\frac{1}{4\cdot5}+\frac{1}{5\cdot6}+\frac{1}{6\cdot7}+\frac{1}{7\cdot8}\)

\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}\)

\(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2\cdot3}\)

\(A=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}...+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{8}\)

\(A=1-\frac{1}{8}< 1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B< A< 1\)

a)\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{4}{5}+\frac{5}{6}=\frac{71}{20}\)  và \(4=\frac{4}{1}=\frac{80}{20}\)
mà 80 > 7 suy ra \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{4}{5}+\frac{5}{6}< 4\)

b) \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}=\frac{7}{8}\)  và \(1=\frac{8}{8}\)
mà 7 < 8 suy ra \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}< 1\)